At whom is Hashem angry?
Rashi: The kings of Yavan. Radak - they pressured Yisrael before Beis Chashmona'i rose against them. Since Yisrael are compared to flock, those who rule over them are compared to shepherds or male goats, which go at the head, and the flock follows them.
Malbim: At the shepherds, who made the flock stray.
Who are "ha'Atudim"?
Rashi #1: Their officers. Also Targum Yonasan is like this. Yevanim are compared to goats - "veha'Tzafir ha'Sa'ir Melech Yavan" (Daniel 8:21).
Rashi #2: One who does not want to explain the matter to discuss Malchei Yavan, Atudim is an expression of officers, like "Orer Lecha Refa'im Kol Atudei Aretz" (Yeshayah 14:9).
Refer to 10:3:1:1.
Malbim: They are the rich and strong officers.
What will Hashem be Poked?
Radak: He will punish them for their sin. Malbim - so it says "Hineni Shofet Bein Seh la'Seh la'Eilim vela'Atudim" (Yechezkel 34:17).
Why does it say "Ki Fakad... Es Edro"?
Radak: He remembered their affliction and pressure, and said to save them. He will not leave them in the hand of the shepherds any longer. Malbim - so it says "v'Darashti Es Tzoni u'Vikartim" (Yechezkel 34:11).
What is the meaning of "k'Sus Hodo ba'Milchamah"?
Rashi: Like a horse, that its beauty is recognized in war.
Radak: Like a horse, which shows its strength in war - "v'Yasis b'Cho'ach Yetzei Likras Neshek" (Iyov 39:21). Malbim - so their strength will be seen in the war of Gog and Magog. Before, they used to be submissive like flock.
