Mishnah 1
1)
(a)If the total measure of flour that comprises the Todah is five Sa'in Yerushalmiyos, how many Sa'in Midbariyos is that the equivalent of?
(b)Why is that?
(c)How many Eifos are there in six Sa'in Yerushalmiyos?
(d)How do the Kohanim divide the twenty Esronos of the two Eifos?
1)
(a)The total measure of flour that comprises the Todah is five Sa'in Yerushalmiyos - which is the equivalent of six Sa'in Midbariyos ...
(b)... because they added one sixth (from the outside; we call it a fifth) to the original Sa'ah (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(c)There are two Eifos in six Sa'in Yerushalmiyos.
(d)The Kohanim divide the twenty Esronos of the two Eifos into two groups, ten Esronos for the Chametz loaves and ten for the Matzah ones.
2)
(a)If there is one lot of ten Chametz loaves, how many kinds of Matzah loaves are there?
(b)Two of the three kinds are Chalos and wafers. What is the third?
(c)How does the Rambam define 'Revuchah'?
(d)Why is that?
(e)Each Chametz loaf therefore comprises one Isaron. How much does each set of Matzah loaves comprise?
2)
(a)There is one lot of ten Chametz loaves - but three lots of Matzah loaves Note: Matzah does not necessarily mean thin).
(b)Two of the three kinds are Chalos and Rekikin (wafers), the third is - Revuchos (scalded in boiling water).
(c)The Rambam defines 'Revuchah' as - containing a lot of oil in which it is baked (See Tosfos Yom Tov DH 'Asarah le'Chametz ... ') ...
(d)... because it contains as much oil as the Chalos and the Rekikin combined.
(e)Each Chametz loaf therefore comprises one Isaron, and each kind of Matzah loaf - three and a third Esronos (at three Chalos per Isaron).
3)
(a)The Midos Yerushalmiyos did not deal with Esronos, only with Kabin. Since six Kabin Yerushalmiyos make up one Sa'ah, how many Kabin are equivalent to five Sa'in
(b)How many Kabin therefore comprise the Chametz loaves and how many the Matzah loaves?
(c)How many Kabin then comprise each ...
1. ... Chametz loaf?
2. ... set of Matzah loaves?
(d)What is the ratio of Matzah loaves per Kav?
3)
(a)The Midos Yerushalmiyos did not deal with Esronos, only with Kabin. Since six Kabin Yerushalmiyos make up one Sa'ah - five Sa'in are therefore equivalent to thirty Kabin.
(b)Fifteen Kabin - comprise the Chametz loaves - and fifteen Kabin, the Matzah loaves.
(c)One and a half Kabin therefore comprise each ...
1. ... Chametz loaf - and five Kabin each ...
2. ... kind of Matzah loaf.
(d)The ratio of Matzah loaves to Kabin is - two per Kav.
4)
(a)What do we learn from the Gezeirah-Shavah "Vehikriv *mimenu* Echad mi'Kol Korban Terumah la'Hashem" (by the Todah) from "*mimenu* T'rumah la'Hashem" (by T'rumas Ma'aser)?
(b)And what do we learn from the Pasuk in Tzav "al Chalos Lechem Chametz"?
4)
(a)We learn from the Gezeirah-Shavah "(Vehikriv) mimenu (Echad mi'Kol Korban) Terumah la'Hashem" (by the Todah) from "mimenu T'rumah la'Hashem" (by T'rumas Ma'aser) that - the owner must give one from each set of ten loaves to the Kohen ...
(b)... and from the Pasuk in Tzav "al Chalos Lechem Chametz" that - the total quantity of the Matzah loaves must equal that of the Chametz ones.
Mishnah 2
5)
(a)What did the Korban Minchah of the Milu'im (the Korbanos brought by Aharon and his sons during the Shiv'as Y'mei ha'Mi'u'im) comprise?
(b)What does that of a Nazir comprise?
(c)From where do we learn the former ruling? What did the Torah in Tzav instruct Aharon and his sons to take and wave together with the Chalavim of the ram of the Milu'im?
(d)From where do we know that the Minchas of a Nazir does not include a Revuchah?
5)
(a)The Korban Minchah of the Milu'im (the Korbanos brought by Aharon and his sons during the Shiv'as Y'mei ha'Mi'u'im) comprised - the same three Matzah loaves of the Korban Todah, Chalos, Rekikin and Revuchah, whereas that of ...
(b)... a Nazir comprises - only the first two of Matzah (Chalos and Rekikin).
(c)We learn the former ruling - from the fact that the Torah in Tzav instructed Aharon to take and wave together with the Chalavim of the ram of the Milu'im - one Chalah Matzah, one Chalas Lechem Shemen (Revuchah [See Tosfos Yom Tov]) and one wafer.
(d)And we know that the Minchah of a Nazir does not include a Revuchah - by virtue of the fact that the Torah does not mention it. (See also Tosfos Yom Tov).
6)
(a)About which of the two current Menachos does the Mishnah conclude that it comprised ten Kabin Yerushalmiyos plus (ve'Iduyan)?
(b)How much is 've'Iduyan'?
(c)Based on the Pasuk there "Vehikriv mimenu Echad mi'Kol Korban Terumah la'Hashem", how many loaves does the owner take from his Korban Todah as a Terumah for Hash-m?
(d)What does he do with them?
6)
(a)When the Mishnah concludes that it comprised ten Kabin Yerushalmiyos plus (ve'Iduyan), it is referring to - the Minchas Nazir.
(b)'ve'Iduyan' is - two thirds of an Isaron.
(c)Based on the Pasuk there "Vehikriv mimenu Echad mi'Kol Korban Terumah la'Hashem", the owner takes - four loaves from his Korban Todah (one from each kind of loaf) as a Terumah for Hash-m ...
(d)... and gives it "to the Kohen who sprinkles the blood of the Shelamim".
7)
(a)What do we learn from ...
1. ... the word "Echad" (there)?
2. ... "mi'Kol Korban" (besides that all the four species should be equal)?
(b)What happens to the remainder of the Lachmei Todah?
7)
(a)We learn from ...
1. ... the word "Echad" (there) that - the loaves that he gives to the Kohen must be whole.
2. ... "mi'Kol Korban" (besides that all the four species should be equal) that - one must take one loaf from each kind (and not two from one and none from the other).
(b)The remainder of the Lachmei Todah - are eaten by the owner.
Mishnah 3
8)
(a)What does the Mishnah say about the loaves of a Todah that are outside whilst the Korban is being Shechted inside?
(b)The Gemara establishes this as 'outside the wall of Beis Pagi'. Where is Beis Pagi?
(c)Why does it not matter even if the loaves are outside the Azarah, bearing in mind that Torah says in Tzav "Vehikriv *al* Zevach ha'Todah Chalos"?
8)
(a)The Mishnah rules that if the loaves of a Todah are outside whilst the Korban is being Shechted inside - they are not sanctified (See Tosfos Yom Tov)..
(b)The Gemara establishes this as 'outside the wall of Beis Pagi' - which is synonymous with the outer wall of Yerushalayim.
(c)It does not matter even if the loaves are outside the Azarah, despite the fact that the Torah says in Tzav "Vehikriv *al* Zevach ha'Todah Chalos" - because "al" does not necessarily mean 'next to' (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
9)
(a)The Rambam has the text'Beis Bagi' (instead of 'Beis Pagi'). Where is the Beis Bagi?
(b)What is its significance regarding the Menachos?
(c)Why is it called by that name?
9)
(a)The Rambam has the text 'Beis Bagi' (instead of 'Beis Pagi') - an area just outside the wall of the Har ha'Bayis ...
(b)... which is where they bake the Menachos.
(c)It is called by that name - based on the Pasuk in Daniel Pas *Bag* ha'Memelech".
10)
(a)And what does the Mishnah say about the loaves of a Todah that have not yet crusted whilst the Korban is being Shechted?
(b)What if all the loaves but one have crusted?
(c)What is the reason for this ruling?
10)
(a)The Mishnah rules that if the loaves of a Todah that have not yet crusted whilst the Korban is being Shechted, or even ...
(b)... if all the loaves but one have crusted - they are not sanctified ...
(c)... since until they crust, they are called 'dough' and not loaves.
11)
(a)The Tana now discusses a case where one Shechts the Todah in order to eat it Chutz li'Zemanah or Chutz li'Mekomah. What is then the status of the loaves?
(b)Why is that?
(c)Then why, if after the Shechitah, the Todah is found to be T'reifah, are the loaves not sanctified?
11)
(a)The Tana now discusses a case where one Shechts the Todah in order to eat it Chutz li'Zemanah or Chutz li'Mekomah, in which case, the loaves are nevertheless sanctified (even though they are Pasul) ...
(b)... because as we have learned many times, as long as the P'sul occurs after the animal is Hekdesh, Hekdesh accepts it (Im 'Alu, Lo Yerdu').
(c)Whereas if after the Shechitah, the Todah is found to be T'reifah, the loaves are not sanctified - since the P'sul preceded the Shechitah.
12)
(a)If after the Shechitah, the Todah is found to be a Ba'al-Mum, Rebbi Eliezer declares the loaves Kodesh. Why is that? What sort of blemish is the Mishnah referring to?
(b)What do the Chachamim say?
(c)If the Todah is Shechted she'Lo li'Shemo, the loaves are not sanctified either. How do we learn this from the Pasuk in Tzav " ... al Chalos Lechem Chametz Yakriv Korbano, al Zevach Todas Shelamav"?
12)
(a)If after the Shechitah, the Todah is found to be a Ba'al-Mum, Rebbi Eliezer declares the loaves Kodesh - because he is speaking about minor blemishes, such as a withered spot in the eye (which he holds 'Im Alu, Lo Yerdu').
(b)The Chachamim hold that - the loaves are nevertheless not sanctified.
(c)If the Todah is Shechted she'Lo li'Shemo, the loaves are not sanctified either. We learn this from the Pasuk in Tzav " ... al Chalos Lechem Chametz Yakriv Korbano, al Zevach Todas Shelamav" - which implies that loaves are only sanctified if the Korban is Shechted li'She'mo.
13)
(a)What does the Mishnah say in this regard about ...
1. ... the ram of the Milu'im?
2. ... the two lambs of Shavu'os?
(b)Why does the Tana see fit to mention the ram of the Milu'im?
(c)To which other Korban does the current ruling apply?
13)
(a)The Mishnah issues the equivalent ruling with regard ot ...
1. ... the ram of the Milu'im and ...
2. ... the two lambs of Shavu'os.
(b)The Tana sees fit to mention the ram of the Milu'im - since it was the first of all the Korbanos.
(c)The current ruling also applies - to the ram of a Nazir.
Mishnah 4
14)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses Nesachim that have been sanctified in a K'li and the Korban is found to be Pasul. Why is the fact that they were sanctified in a K'li not significant? What do we learn from the Pasuk in Emor "Zevach u'Nesachim"?
(b)So when did the Korban become Pasul?
(c)What does one now do with the Nesachim, if possible?
(d)What if it is not possible?
14)
(a)The Mishnah now discusses Nesachim that have been sanctified in a K'li and the Korban is found to be Pasul. The fact that they were sanctified in a K'li not significant, since, from the Pasuk in Emor "Zevach u'Nesachim" we learn that - it is the Shechitah of the Korban that sanctifies them (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(b)The Korban therefore become Pasul - during the Zerikah (after the Nesachim had already become sanctified by the Shechitah [See Tosfos Yom Tov]).
(c)If possible - one now brings the Nesachim together with another Korban that requires Nesachim ...
(d)... Otherwise, one leaves them to become Pasul be'Linah (by leaving them off the Mizbe'ach overnight).
15)
(a)The Tana is speaking specifically about the Nesachim of the Tzibur. How will the Din differ regarding Niskei Yachid?
(b)On what principle is the Din by Niskei Tzibur based?
(c)There are words missing in the Mishnah. What further condition do we need to add to the text for the concession of bringing one's Nesachim together with another Korban?
(d)What if no other Korban has already been Shechted at the time when the current one became Pasul?
15)
(a)The Tana is speaking specifically about Niskei Tzibur - Niskei Yachid cannot be brought with a Korban other than the one together which they were sanctified.
(b)The Din by Niskei Tzibur is based on the principle - 'Leiv Beis-Din Masneh aleihem' ...
(c)There are words missing in the Mishnah. We need to add to the text that - the second Korban was already Shechted when the first one became Pasul (for the concession of bringing one's Nesachim together with it to be possible.
(d)If no other Korban was Shechted at the time when the current one became Pasul - then it is as if they became Pasul be'Linah, and they are Pasul (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
16)
(a)What is the Din regarding bringing one's Nesachim after the Korban has already been sacrificed?
(b)Does this apply to a Korban Yachid or to a Korban Tzibur?
(c)What similar ruling applies to the Korban of a Metzora?
16)
(a)One is permitted to bring one's Korban today, and one's Nesachim - even many days later ...
(b)irrespective of whether it is a Korban Yachid or a Korban Tzibur.
(c)Similarly - a Metzora may bring his Korban today - and his Log of oil many days later.
17)
(a)What eqivalent ruling applies to the baby of a Todah, to its Temurah (swap) and to a Todah which is lost and replaced?
(b)How do we learn this from the Pasuk in Tzav (in connection with the Lachmei Todah) "Vehikriv al Zevach ha'Todah"?
(c)From where do we know that the Temurah of a Korban adopts the Kedushah of the original one?
17)
(a)The baby of a Todah, its Temurah (swap) and a Todah which is lost and replaced - are all not subject to loaves.
(b)We learn this from the Pasuk in Tzav (in connection with the Lachmei Todah) "Vehikriv al Zevach ha'Todah" from which Chazal extrapolate "ha'Todah" - ve'Lo V'ladah ... ve "Lo Chalipasah (which got lost and replaced) ... ve'Lo Temurasah'.
(c)We know that the Temurah of a Korban adopts the Kedushah of the original one - from the Pasuk in Emor "Vehayah hu u'Temuraso Yih'yeh Kodesh".
Mishnah 5
18)
(a)If someone undertakes ('Harei alai') to bring a Korban Todah, he must bring both the Korban and the loaves from Chulin. What if he specifies that he will bring ...
1. ... the loaves from Ma'aser (Sheini) money?
2. ... the Korban from Ma'aser money and the loaves from Chulin?
(b)Why the difference?
(c)On which principle is the initial ruling based?
18)
(a)If someone undertakes ('Harei alai') to bring a Korban Todah, he must bring both the Korban and the loaves from Chulin. If he specifies that he will bring ...
1. ... the loaves from Ma'aser (Sheini) money - he is not permitted to do so.
2. ... Korban from Ma'aser money and the loaves from Chulin - then he may bring both the Korban and the loaves from Ma'aser Sheini.
(b)The reason for the difference is - because the loaves are secondary to the Korban, and must therefore follow its ruling (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
(c)The principle on which the initial ruling is based is that - 'Harei alai' renders the person obligated, and an obligation must come from Chulin.
19)
(a)What if, in the last of the three above cases, he wants to bring the Korban and the loaves from Chulin money?
(b)On the other hand, what if he wants to bring the loaves from the wheat of Ma'aser Sheini?
(c)Why is that?
19)
(a)If, in the last of the three above cases, he wants to bring the Korban and the loaves from Chulin money - it is even better, and the Tana merely permits him to bring them from Ma'aser, should he so wish.
(b)If, on the other hand, he wants to bring the loaves from the wheat of Ma'aser Sheini - he is forbidden to do so ...
(c)... just as he is forbidden to purchase a Shelamim with the wheat of Ma'aser Sheini, only from the money with which he redeems it.
Mishnah 6
20)
(a)How do we know that the Korban Pesach in Egypt was not purchased from Ma'aser Sheini money?
(b)What do we now learn from the Pasuk in Bo "Ve'avadta es ha'Avodah ha'Zos ba'Chodesh ha'Zeh"?
(c)What is the problem with the Pasuk in Re'ei "Ve'zavachta Pesach la'Hashem Elokecha Tzon u'Vakar"?
(d)What is "Tzon u'Vakar" therefore referring to?
(e)How does the Tana now explain the comparison between Korbanos that come as a Chovah and the Korban Pesach?
20)
(a)We know that the Korban Pesach in Egypt was not purchased from Ma'aser Sheini money - because Ma'asros were not effective until they arrived in Eretz Yisrael forty years later.
(b)We now learn from the Pasuk in Bo "Ve'avadta es ha'Avodah ha'Zos ba'Chodesh ha'Zeh" that - even when they arrived in Eretz Yisrael, the Korban Pesach had to be purchased with Chulin money and not with money of Ma'aser Sheini (See Tosfos Yom Tov DH 'Mah ha'Pesach ... ').
(c)The problem with the Pasuk in Re'ei "Ve'zavachta Pesach la'Hashem Elokecha Tzon u'Vakar" is that - the Korban Pesach comprises lambs and goats and not cattle.
(d)Consequently "Tzon u'Vakar" must refer to - other Korb'nos Chovah ...
(e)... and the Tana now explains that the Torah compares Korbanos that come as a Chovah to the Korban Pesach - to teach us that all Korb'nos Chovah, like the Korban Pesach, can only be purchased from Chulin money (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
21)
(a)What does the Mishnah finally say about ...
1. ... someone who declares 'Harei alai Todah, Harei alai Shelamim"
2. ... Nesachim?
(b)Why does the Mishnah use the expression 'mi'Kol Makom' regarding the Nesachim?
(c)What is the reason for this stringency?
21)
(a)The Mishnah finally states that ...
1. ... someone who declares 'Harei alai Todah, Harei alai Shelamim" - is obligated to bring them from Chulin money (See Tosfos Yom Tov).
2. ... Nesachim - under all circumstances (mi'Kol Makom) must be purchased with Chulin money.
(b)The Mishnah uses the expression 'mi'Kol Makom' regarding the Nesachim - to teach us that unlike the Todah and Shelamim, the ruling applies even if the owner specifically states that he will purchase them from Ma'aser.
(c)The reason for this stringency is - because Nesachim are not eaten, and Ma'aser Sheini money may only be used to purchase food that is.
