(Mishnah): If the Kometz included a pebble, grain of salt, or grain of Levonah, it is Pasul.

Question: Why must all of these be taught?

Answer: All three cases are needed:

Had it taught only about a pebble, one might have thought that this disqualifies because pebbles are not offered, but salt is offered, so it is not Posel;

Had it taught only about salt, one might have thought that this is Posel for it was not originally part of the Minchah, but Levonah was part of the Minchah, so it is not Posel;

The Mishnah teaches that even Levonah is Posel.

(Mishnah): This is because a Kometz that is too big or Chaser is Pasul.

Question: Even if it was not (too big or) Chaser, it would be Pasul, for it is a Chatzitzah (between the Kometz and his hand. Alternatively, it divides the Kometz itself!)

Answer (R. Yirmeyah): The Mishnah must teach about when it is at the side. (It is not a Chatzitzah.)

Question (Abaye): How is Kemitzah done?

Answer (Rava): It is the way people normally do this (with all the fingers).

Question (Beraisa): (Each finger is needed for Kodshim. The pinky is used to measure) the Zeres (the length of the Choshen, the ring finger is the first finger used for) Kemitzah, (the middle finger is used to measure) an Amah, the index finger (is for Haza'as Dam), the thumb (is for Matanos Dam and oil on a Metzora. Since the ring finger is the first finger for Kemitzah, this shows that not all fingers are used!)

Answer (Rava): I meant that all the fingers are used, but not that they all hold flour. The pinky and thumb only wipe away any excess sticking out of the middle three fingers.

Question: How does the ring finger begin Kemitzah?

Answer (Mar Zutra bar Tuvya): He bends back the middle three fingers until the palm, taking the flour inside.

Support (Beraisa) Suggestion: Perhaps "Melo (full) Kumtzo" teaches that it should be overflowing!

Rejection: "B'Kumtzo" (it must be inside his hand).

Suggestion: Perhaps "b'Kumtzo" teaches that he should curl the fingers tightly!

Rejection: It must be "Melo Kumtzo."

Resolution: He bends back the middle three fingers until the palm, taking the flour inside.

In Minchas Machavas or Marcheshes, he wipes away the excess using the pinky and thumb. This is the hard Avodah in the Mikdash!

Question: Is this really the hardest? Also Melikah and pouring the incense from the spoon into his hands (on Yom Kipur) are hard Avodos!

Correction: Rather, this is one of the hardest Avodos in the Mikdash.

(Rav Papa): It is obvious to me that Kemitzah may be done the way people normally do this (with Chulin. They stick their fingers in from the side and press the flour in);

Questions (Rav Papa): May one insert the fingertips and bend them back (to his palm, which is facing down?) May Kemitzah be done from the side (of the Kli? Alternatively - he puts the back of the hand into the flour, and moves it sideways so flour enters inside.) May it be done from below to above? (Rashi - he inserts the fingertips and bends them back to his palm, which is facing up; Tosfos - he inserts the palm and bends his hand, until it closes.)

These questions are not resolved.

(Rav Papa): It is obvious to me that Chafinah (filling the hands with Ketores on Yom Kipur) may be done the way people normally do this (with Chulin. They stick their hands in from two sides and bring them together);

Questions (Rav Papa): May one insert the fingertips to take the (double) handful? May Chafinah be done from the side (of the Kli? Alternatively - he allows the Ketores to enter his hand from between his fingers.) If he took each handful by itself and brought his hands together, is this valid?

These questions are not resolved.

Question (Rav Papa): If he stuck the Kometz on the wall of the (second) Kli, does this Mekadesh it?

If we require only the inside of the Kli, it is valid;

If Hanachah (placing it in the Kli) is required, this is not considered Hanachah.

This question is not resolved.

Question (Mar bar Rav Ashi): If he turned the Kli upside down and stuck the Kometz in (a pocket in) the bottom of the Kli, is this Mekadesh it?

If we require only Hanachah inside the Kli, it is valid;

If it must be done normally, it is invalid.

This question is not resolved.

(Mishnah) Question: How is Kemitzah done?

Answer: He bends back the middle three fingers until the palm.

If its (the Minchah's) oil is too much or Chaser, or if its Levonah is Chaser, it is Pasul.

(Gemara) Question: What is the case of taking too much oil?

Answer (R. Elazar): He designated two Lugim (instead of one, and mixed them in).

Question: Why didn't he say that he mixed in oil of Chulin or of another Minchah?

Suggestion: Mixing in oil of Chulin or of another Minchah is not Posel.

Rejection (Rav Zutra bar Tuvya): If so, too much oil could not disqualify Minchas Chotei (but we know that it can)!

It does not have any oil of its own, and we suggested that oil of Chulin or of another Minchah is not Posel!

Answer: It is a bigger Chidush when he designated two Lugim;

Not only oil of Chulin or of another Minchah is Posel, rather, even if he designated two Lugim, and each is proper for the Minchah, it is Posel.

Question: What is R. Elazar's source for this?

Answer (Rava): A difficulty in the Mishnah forced him to say this:

Question: It should have said 'if there is too much oil.' Why did it say 'if its oil is too much'?

Answer: This teaches that even if the oil designated for it was too much, i.e. he designated two Lugim, it is Pasul.

(Mishnah): If its Levonah is Chaser (it is Pasul).

(Beraisa #1 - R. Yehudah): If the Levonah became Chaser and only one grain of Levonah remains, it is Pasul. If two sticks remain, it is Kosher;

R. Shimon says, if one stick remains, it is Kosher; if less remains, it is Pasul.

Contradiction (Beraisa #2): If any of the Kometz or Levonah is missing, it is Pasul. (This is not like either Tana!)

Answer #1: Beraisa #2 should say 'if any of the Koret of Levonah is missing (i.e. less than one full stick remains), it is Pasul.'

Answer #2: Beraisa #1 discusses Levonah brought with a Minchah. Beraisa #2 discusses Levonah brought by itself for a Korban.

Answer #3 (R. Yitzchak bar Yosef): Beraisa #2 is like R. Meir (the Tana of our Stam Mishnah). He argues with R. Yehudah and R. Shimon:

All agree that initially, a Kometz of Levonah is required;

R. Meir holds that a Kometz of Levonah must remain. R. Yehudah holds that two sticks must remain, and R. Shimon holds that one stick must remain.

All expound the same verse - "v'Es Kol ha'Levonah Asher Al ha'Minchah";

R. Meir says, all the Levonah that was fixed (required) from the beginning must remain;

R. Yehudah says, "Kol" teaches that it suffices for one stick to remain. "V'Es" requires a second stick;

R. Shimon expounds "Kol" the same way, but he does not expound "v'Es".

(R. Yitzchak bar Yosef): They argue about Levonah brought with a Minchah, but all agree that when Levonah is brought by itself, a Kometz must be brought and remain;

R. Yehudah and R. Shimon learn from "Asher Al ha'Minchah" - this law (that it suffices for one or two sticks to remain) applies only to Levonah that accompanies a Minchah.

(R. Yitzchak bar Yosef): They argue about Levonah brought with a Minchah, but all agree that Lechem ha'Panim must be accompanied by two Kamatzim, and two Kamatzim must remain.

Objection: This is obvious! (A Mishnah (106b) requires two Kamatzim. The source to be Machshir when less remains was "Kol". This was written only regarding Levonah with a Minchah.)

Answer: One might have thought that since they are brought with the Lechem ha'Panim, they are like Levonah brought with a Minchah. R. Yitzchak teaches that this is not so.

(R. Ami or R. Yitzchak Nafcha): They argue about Levonah brought with a Minchah, but all agree that when Levonah is brought by itself, a Kometz must be brought and remain;

(The other of R. Ami and R. Yitzchak Nafcha): They argue about both of these.

(Mishnah): If its Levonah is Chaser, it is Pasul.

Inference: If there is too much Levonah, it is Kosher!

Contradiction (Beraisa): If there is too much Levonah, it is Pasul.

Version #1 - Answer (Rami bar Chama): In the Beraisa, he designated two Kamatzim (this is too much. It is Posel.)

Version #2 - Answer (Rami bar Chama): In the Mishnah, he designated two Kamatzim (neither is Nikva (determined) that it must be brought with it, so it is Kosher.) (end of Version #2)

(Rami bar Chama): If he designated two Kamatzim and one was lost before Kemitzah, they were not Nikva'im. (It is not considered Chaser. It is Kosher);

If one was lost after Kemitzah, they were Nikva'im. (It is Chaser; it is Pasul.)

(Rami bar Chama): If four Kamatzim were designated for Lechem ha'Panim, two for each spoon, and two were lost before the Levonah was removed, they were not Nikva'im (it is Kosher);

If they were lost after removing the Levonah, they were Nikva'im (it is Pasul).

Question: Why did he need to teach this? It follows from his previous teaching!

Answer: One might have thought that since the Levonah is clearly distinct from the Lechem ha'Panim, once it is time to remove it, it is as if was removed. Rami teaches that this is not so.

(Mishnah): In the following cases, a Minchah is Pasul, but there is no Kares (for eating the Shirayim):

Kemitzah was done with intent to eat the Shirayim or a k'Zayis of the Shirayim Chutz (li'Mkomo, i.e. outside the Azarah), or to be Maktir its Kometz or a k'Zayis of its Kometz b'Chutz, or to be Maktir the Levonah b'Chutz;

If he intended to eat the Shirayim or a k'Zayis of the Shirayim the next day, or to be Maktir the next day its Kometz, a k'Zayis of its Kometz, or the Levonah, it is Pigul, and there is Kares.