REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
Anyone who was placed in a Nisayon (trial) of an Ervah and was saved from it merits a miracle.
The following eat the fruit of their reward in this world and the principle will wait for them in the next world, someone who honors his father and mother, Gomel Chesed, brings Shalom between friends, and Talmud Torah is equal to all of them.
A Tzadik Tov is a person who is good to Heaven and others while a Tzadik who is not Tov is a person who is good to Heaven but not to others.
A Rasha Ra is a person who is bad to Heaven and also bad to others while a Rasha who is not Ra is a person who is bad to Heaven but is good to others.
A reward for a Mitzvah includes both a Keren and Peiros
An Aveirah that does not have Peiros is punished only with the Keren while an Aveirah that has Peiros is punished also for the Peiros (1)
A person is rewarded for a Machshavah to do a Mitzvah even if an Ones prevented him from doing the Mitzvah.
A person is not punished for a Machshavah to do an Aveirah if he did not end up doing the Aveirah except for Avodah Zarah.
A person is punished for a Machshavah to do an Aveirah if the Machshavah has Peiros (he ended up committing the Aveirah).
When someone gives credence to Avodah Zarah it is tantamount to denying the entire Torah.
Ula says that once a person committed an Aveirah once if he has a Machshavah to do the Aveirah again he is punished if he didn't end up doing the Aveirah.
When a person commits an Aveirah twice it appears to him like a permissible act.
It is better for a person to commit an Aveirah in private rather than profane the name of Hashem in public. (2)
Anyone who is not concerned about the honor of his Creator is better off not having come into this world. (3)
According to Mar Zutra a person who commits a Chilul Hashem is punished immediately whether he did so b'Shogeg or b'Mezid.
According to Mar Bar Ravina if a person committed an equal number of Aveiros and Mitzvos and Chilul Hashem is among his Aveiros it is regarded as if he has a majority of Aveiros.
A person should look at himself as if he has an equal number of Mitzvos and Aveiros. (4)
R. Eliezer Bar Shimon says that the world and each individual is judged in accordance with the majority of his deeds. (5)
R. Shimon Ben Yochai says that if a person is a Tzadik his entire life and he rebels at the end of his life and regrets his Mitzvos he loses all of the reward for his Mitzvos.
If a person is a Rasha his entire life and he does Teshuvah at the end of his life his Aveiros are not remembered at all.
A person who acquired Mikra, Mishnah and Derech Eretz will not easily is.
Someone who lacks Mikra, Mishnah and Derech Eretz is not a civilized person and he is Paul for testimony.
A Tzadik is punished for his few Aveiros in this world so that he will inherit the next world and a Rasha is rewarded for his few Mitzvos in this world so that he will descend into the depth in the next world.
R. Tarfon says that Ma'aseh is greater than Talmud and R. Akiva says the opposite, but the conclusion of the Tana'im is that Talmud is greater because it brings a person to Ma'aseh.
Talmud is great because Matan Torah preceded the Mitzvah of Chalah by 40 years, the Mitzvos of Terumah and Ma'aser by 54 years, the Mitzvah of Shemitah by 61 years and the Mitzvah of Yovel by 103 years.
Yovel is Meshamet at the beginning of the year (from Yom Kippur). (6)
A person faces Din on Bitul Torah prior to any other Aveiros and he is rewarded for Limud ha'Torah prior to any other Mitzvos.
Someone who eats in the market is like a dog and some say that he is Pasul for testimony.
A BIT MORE
1. An example of An Aveirah with Peiros is Chulu Hashem when an Adam Gadol does an Aveirah and others learn from him.
2. This only applies if a person is incapable of fighting off the evil inclination.
3. Rabah says that this is a reference to a person who stares at a rainbow. R. Yosef says that it is a reference to a person who does an Aveirah in private even though he is capable if fighting off the evil inclination.
4. If he does a Mitzvah he is fortunate because he now has a majority of Mitzvos and if he commits an Aveirah he is unfortunate because he now has a majority of Aveiros.
5. A person should look at it as if the entire world has an equal number of Aveiros and Mitzvos and on his own ledger he also has an equal number of Aveiros and Mitzvos, if he does a Mitzvah he is fortunate because the entire world now has a majority of Mitzvos and on his own ledger he also has a majority of Mitzvos. If he commits an Aveirah he is unfortunate because now the entire world now has a majority of Aveiros.
6 The servants go free and fields are returned to their original owners on Yom Kippur of the year of Yovel.
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BRIEF INSIGHT
A MACHSHAVAH FOR AN AVEIRAH
A person is punished for a Machshavah to do an Aveirah if the Machshavah has Peiros (he ended up committing the Aveirah). The Radal explains that he is punished not only for the Machshavah for the Aveirah that he committed, but also for any previous Machshavos of Aveiros that he harbored. Now that he went ahead and committed the Aveirah it is retroactively obvious that it wasn't fear of G-d that prevented him from doing the Aveirah previously but rather he was prevented from doing it for other reasons.
QUICK HALACHAH
TALMUD TORAH
Talmud Torah is equal to all of the Mitzvos. If a person has the opportunity to do a Mitzvah and to learn Torah, if it is possible for the Mitzvah to be done by others, he should learn Torah, but if not he should do the Mitzvah and return to learning Torah. A person faces Din fore Limud ha'Torah before any other deeds. A person should always learn Torah even if it is she'Lo Lishemah because it will bring him to learn Torah Lishemah. Torah is not acquired by one who learns Torah lackadaisically, or learns only when with great comfort, or when he has sufficient food and drink; it is only acquired by one kills himself over it and puts himself in pain over it and does not allow himself to sleep or doze. (Shulchan Aruch YD 24:18-21)
That which a person shall learn Torah She'Lo Lishemah is only if he is learning for the honor, but if he is learning in order to antagonize others he is better if he was never born. (Shach)
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