REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
Mar Bar Ravina states that both a Safek Orlah and a Safek Kilayim in Chutz la'Aretz may be harvested as long as one does not harvest it himself.
R. Eliezer ha'Gadol holds that the Mitzvah of Orlah does not apply in Chutz la'Aretz.
R. Eliezer holds that the Mitzvah of Chadash applies even in Chutz la'Aretz.
Yochanan says that Orlah that it is a Halachah l'Moshe mi'Sinai that Orlah applies in Chutz la'Aretz and the Halachah states that a Safek in Suriyah is permitted.
Kil'ei Ilanos and Kil'ei Beheimah are prohibited to Noach and his descendants.
Kil'ei ha'Kerem in Chutz la'Aretz is forbidden mid'Rabanan, however Kil'ei Ilanos and Kil'ei Beheimah are forbidden in Chutz la'Aretz mid'Oraisa.
R. Oshiah holds that the prohibition of Kil'ei ha'Kerem is only if a seed of wheat barley and grape is planted in one shot.
Kil'ei ha'Kerem is forbidden b'Hana'ah, while Kil'ei ha'Zera'im is permitted b'Hana'ah.
Kil'ei ha'Zera'im is permitted in Chutz la'Aretz even mid'Rabanan.
A person who has done more Mitzvos than Aveiros is granted with good in this world along with a long life and inherits the next world. (1)
A person who does not have more Mitzvos than Aveiros is not granted with good in this world or a long life and does not inherit the next world.
The following eat the fruit of their reward in this world and the principle will wait for them in the next world, someone who honors his father and mother, is Gomel Chesed, hosts guests, brings Shalom between friends, and Talmud Torah is equal to all of them. (2)
If a person has done more Mitzvah than Aveiros he is punished and it is as if he burned the entire Torah and if one has done more Aveiros than Mitzvos he is rewarded and it is as if he kept the entire Torah. (3)
R. Yakov holds that a person is not rewarded for his Mitzvos in this world. (4)
Hashem Yisbarach does not punish a person for a Machshavah to an Aveirah if he did not commit the Aveirah except for a Machshavah of Avodah Zarah.
Sheluchei Mitzvah will not be harmed on the way to and back from the Mitzvah, however if he is going to a place that is a potentially harmful situation it is an exception.
Acher went off the Derech because he saw a person going up a ladder on instructions from his father in order to send the mother bird away before taking the chicks and he fell off and died. (5)
According to another opinion Acher went off the Derech because he saw the tongue of Chutzpis ha'Meturgeman (one of the ten Harugei Malchus) being dragged by a pig. (6)
If a person was confronted with the opportunity to do an Aveirah and he managed to fight off the Yetzer ha'Ra he is rewarded as if he did a Mitzvah.
A BIT MORE
1. Abaye holds that the good he receives in this world is that he is punished for his Aveiros in this world so that he will go the next world free of Aveiros. Rava holds that the Mishnah is to be understood literally because the Tana Kama of our Mishnah holds that a person is also rewarded in this world for the Mitzvos that he did.
2. If a person has one of these Mitzvos to his credit even if he has an equal number of Mitzvos and Aveiros he will be rewarded for his Mitzvos in this world.
3. According to Rava this Beraisa is the opinion of R. Yakov who holds that a person is not rewarded for his Mitzvos in this world.
4 When the Torah promises that a Mitzvah is rewarded with goodness and a long life it is a reference to the world that is all goodness and completely long.
5. Acher did not understand that Mitzvos are rewarded only in the next world and he concluded from this story that Mitzvos are not rewarded at all.
6. Acher questioned how it can be that a mouth which spewed forth jewels licks the dirt.
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BRIEF INSIGHT
OLAM SHE'KULO ARUCH
If a person goes up a ladder on instructions from his father in order to send the mother away before taking the chicks and he fell off and died what happened to the Arichus Yamim that is promised by the Torah? It must be that a person is not rewarded for Mitzvos in this world. The Ben Yehoyada asks why the Gemara states a case that he was doing two Mitzvos that are rewarded with Arichus Yamim. Even if he was only doing one Mitzvah that is rewarded with Arichus Yamim we can infer that Mitzvos are not rewarded in this world! The Ben Yehoyada answers that if he was doing only one Mitzvah that is rewarded with Arichus Yamim it is possible he is doing the Mitzvah She'Lo Lishmah because maybe he is doing it only for the reward and it is for that reason he was not rewarded. Consequently, the Gemara states a case that he was doing two Mitzvos which are rewarded with Arichus Yamim and now it is not possible that he is doing both Mitzvos only for the reward because he only needs to do one of the Mitzvos if he is doing it for the reward and therefore it must be that the second Mitzvah he is doing Lishmah. Consequently, since he was killed in the process of doing the Mitzvos it must be that a person is not rewarded for his Mitzvos in this world.
QUICK HALACHAH
KIL'EI ILANOS
Kil'ei Ilanos is include in the prohibition of 'your field you shall not plant Kilayim'. What is the case? If someone one takes a branch of an apple tree and grafts it with an Esrog tree or vice versa whether he does so in Eretz Yisrael or Chutz la'Aretz he is Chayav Malkus Min ha'Torah. So too someone who grafts a vegetable into a tree or a tree into a vegetable [even in Chutz la'Aretz] he is Chayav Malkus. It is forbidden to allow a Nochri to graft your tree with Kilayim. (Shulchan Aruch YD 295:1, 2)
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