REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. When two or more Edim Zomemim are obligated to pay, they split the payments between them.
2. A witness admits that he was judged to be an Ed Zomem by a different Beis Din, and his fellow witness denies it. The one who admitted to being an Ed Zomem only pays his share of the payments.
3. Witnesses testify that a husband divorced his wife but did not yet give her the Kesuvah, and subsequently the witnesses became Zomemim. The witnesses do not have to pay the full sum of the Kesuvah.
4. Someone lent his friend money on the condition that the borrower repay it after ten years. Witnesses testify that he lent the money on condition that it be repaid after thirty days, and then they become Zomemim. The Zomemim do not have to pay the full sum of the loan.
5. Even if someone lends money for ten years. he may not collect the loan after the year of Shemitah.
6. If a lender received a Mashkon or he gave his Shetaros to the Beis Din, he may collect his loan even after the year of Shemitah.
7. If someone sells an item on condition that the buyer will not reclaim the Ona'ah, there is a disagreement between Rav and Shmuel whether the condition is binding.
8. When a loan is made without specifying when the borrower must repay, the loan may not be reclaimed for thirty days.
9. If a person cuts open a neck-hole in a new shirt on Shabbos, he is Chayav to bring a Chatas.
10. A small volume of wine falls into three Log of drawn water, and the water takes on the appearance of wine. If it subsequently falls into a Mikvah, there is a disagreement between Rav and Rebbi Chiya if the Mikvah is Kosher.
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A BIT MORE
1. When Edim Zomemim are Chayav Malkus, each one of them receives the full thirty-nine lashes.
2. Even though his fellow witness denies being an Ed Zomem and is exempt from paying, nevertheless the witness who admits to being an Ed Zomem is obligated to pay.
3. Since it is possible that the husband will divorce his wife sometime in the future and will be obligated to pay the Kesuvah, it is not logical to obligate the witnesses to pay the entire amount of the Kesuvah. Instead, according to Rebbi Chisda, the value of the Kesuvah is assessed in accordance with how much the husband would receive for selling the Kesuvah. According to Rebbi Nasan bar Oshiya, we subtract the amount that the wife would receive for selling her rights to the Kesuvah and the witnesses pay the difference.
4. The Edim Zomemim must pay the sum that a person would be willing to pay for his loan to be extended form thirty days to ten years.
5. Even though his loan is not yet due at the time of Shemitah, since it will come due at some point the law of Shemitah applies. However, according to the second version, since the loan may not be collected until after the Shemitah year has passed, the loan is not affected by the law of Shemitah.
6. Since he has a Mashkon, or he gave the Shtar to the Beis Din to collect the loan in his place, there is no need for him to collect the loan. Therefore, the loan is not affected by the law of Shemitah.
7. According to Shmuel, it is a valid condition even though it is in opposition to a law of the Torah. Rav says that a condition which is in opposition to the Torah is not a valid condition. However, if he makes a condition that there is no Ona'ah in the purchase when in fact there is Ona'ah, it is a Mekach Ta'us.
8. This is the case even for a loan that was made without a Shtar. However, if he specified at the time of the loan that it shall be repaid sometime before thirty days, he may claim the money at the specified time.
9. By opening the neck area, he completes the shirt, and he thereby transgresses the Melachah of Makeh b'Patish.
10. If three Log of drawn water fall into a Mikvah that does not contain the full volume of forty Se'ah, the Mikvah is Pasul. However, if the three Log look like wine, they do not invalidate the Mikvah according to Rav, while Rebbi Chiya disagrees.
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