REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. A person may borrow barrels of wine or oil (things needed for Shabbos) from his friend on Shabbos.
2. The Mishnah discusses what a person should do if the person from whom he is borrowing (see #1) does not trust that he will pay back.
3. Chazal stated that people should change the way they carry on Yom Tov to indicate that it is Yom Tov.
4. One should not clap, bang his chest, or dance to music on Shabbos or Yom Tov.
5. It is preferable that people transgress unintentionally than we rebuke them and cause them to [ignore our rebuke and] transgress intentionally.
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A BIT MORE
1. However, Chazal ruled that he must use a terminology of "borrowing" instead of "lending," in order to remind the lender not to write down the transaction on Shabbos.
2. The borrower should leave his cloak at the lender's house as (unspoken) collateral until after Shabbos when they can calculate the details.
3. Accordingly, people may not carry very heavy items on Yom Tov without changing the way they normally do so, as it looks as though they are doing the type of work normally done during the week. However, if they cannot make any change in the way they carry and the carrying is necessary for Yom Tov (such as when large quantities of water need to be carried to one's home on Yom Tov), then they may carry in the usual manner.
4. This is because of the concern that one might fix a musical instrument in order to enhance his musical enjoyment.
5. The Gemara concludes that this applies even to some Torah laws, such as the obligation to add some time to the fast of Yom Kippur.
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