REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. If the residents of a city worship Avodah Zarah on their own initiative, it is not clear if they are judged as an Ir ha'Nidachas.
2. Rebbi Yochanan maintains that the first half of the residents of an Ir ha'Nidachas who are proven to have served Avodah Zarah are punished with Sekilah. (They are not punished with Sayif, because we do not yet know that *most* of the city served Avodah Zarah, quailfying them as an Ir ha'Nidachas.) The remaining idol-worshippers of the city are punished with Sayif (like an Ir ha'Nidachas), since we know that most of the city served Avodah Zarah. Reish Lakish says that the entire city is put to death with Sayif (like an Ir ha'Nidachas).
3. A traveler who has resided in the Ir ha'Nidachas for at least thirty days is judged with same punishment as the residents of the city.
4. The property of Tzadikim who live in an Ir ha'Nidachas is destroyed, if it is located inside the city. The property of Resha'im who live in an Ir ha'Nidachas is destroyed, even if it is outside of the city.
5. If an animal or dough belongs partially to a resident of an Ir ha'Nidachas - the animal is forbidden, but the dough is permitted.
6. It is not clear if we destroy the wig of a righteous woman living in an Ir ha'Nidachas along with the city.
7. An Ir ha'Nidachas that does not have a town square is not judged as an Ir ha'Nidachas, according to Rebbi Yishmael. Rebbi Akiva says we construct a town square and then judge it as an Ir ha'Nidachas.
8. The Korbanos which are found in an Ir ha'Nidachas are left to die.
9. Ravina maintains that according to Rebbi Shimon, a Korban Bechor or a Korban Ma'aser is excluded from the Din of Ir ha'Nidachas even if it is a Ba'al Mum. Shmuel disagrees.
10. Terumah that is found in an Ir ha'Nidachas is allowed to rot.
11. Dough of Ma'aser Sheni is Patur from Chalah according to Rebbi Meir. The Chachamim disagree.
12. Ma'aser Sheni which has become Tamei may be redeemed even in Yerushalayim.
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A BIT MORE
1. If the residents of a city worship Avodah Zarah as a result of enticers who are women or children, they are not judged as an Ir ha'Nidachas, because women or children are not likely to persist in their behavior. However, when the residents worship Avodah Zarah on their own initiative, they are more likely to persist.
2. A city is not judged as an Ir ha'Nidachas unless the majority of the residents worship Avodah Zarah. Rebbi Yochanan maintains that until half of the residents have been put to death they are judged as individuals who worshiped Avodah Zarah and they are punished with Sekilah. Reish Lakish says that all of the residents who worshipped Avodah Zarah are brought to justice simultaneously by the many Batei Dinim that are set up for this purpose. Then they are brought to the Beis Din ha'Gadol in Yerushalayim and they are all punished with Sayif.
3. A person is regarded as a resident of an Ir ha'Nidachas after he has lived for 30 days. However, he is considered only a Yoshev ha'Ir and not one of the Bnei ha'Ir until he lives there for 12 months. Therefore, if someone makes a Neder prohibiting himself from deriving benefit from the Bnei ha'Ir, he is permitted to derive benefit from anyone who has lived there for less than 12 months.
4. The property of the Resha'im in an Ir ha'Nidachas is destroyed only if it was once in the city, and it is now close enough to to be brought to the Ir ha'Nidachas on the day that it is destroyed.
5. The entire animal is forbidden, because the Shechitah of an animal that belongs even partially to an Ir ha'Nidachas is not a valid Shechitah at all and does not permit even the portion of the animal which does not belong to a resident of the Ir ha'Nidachas. However, dough can be split into half. The half which does not belong to a resident of the Ir ha'Nidachas may be separated from the rest of the dough and it is permitted.
6. The property of the Tzadikim which is found inside the Ir ha'Nidachas is destroyed. A wig may be considered akin to a piece of clothing. Just as the clothing of the Tzadikim is not destroyed, so too the wig is not destroyed.
7. Rebbi Yishmael says that a city is judged as an Ir ha'Nidachas only if it had a town square at the time that the residents worshipped Avodah Zarah. Rebbi Akiva maintains that if we construct a town square at the time of the judgment, it is considered an Ir ha'Nidachas.
8. Although Kodshim are excluded from the Din of an Ir ha'Nidachas, Rebbi Yochanan says that just as a Korban from a Rasha is an abomination, the proceeds of the redemption of the Korban is also an abomination. Therefore, instead of redeeming it, we let it die. Reish Lakish maintains that although the Korban of a Rasha is an abomination, the proceeds of the redemption of the Korban is not an abomination. Therefore, we put it put to pasture until it has a blemish, and than it is redeemed. Consequently, the Beraisa which states that the Kodshim are left to die refers only to Kodshim Kalim, in accordance with Rebbi Yosi ha'Glili who maintains that Kodshim Kalim are regarded as the property of the owner. Since they are the property of the owner, they are included in the Din of an Ir ha'Nidachas. We do not actually kill the animal since it is dishonorable to destroy a Korban, but we may not redeem it either, and instead we let it die.
9. Ravina maintains that a Bechor or Ma'aser is regarded as Kodshim even if it has a blemish because it is eaten as a Korban Bechor or Ma'aser, and not as an animal of Chulin. Shmuel disagrees with Ravina. He maintains that according to Rebbi Shimon, a Bechor or Ma'aser with a blemish is included in the Din of an Ir ha'Nidachas; it is excluded only if it has no blemish.
10. Rav Chisda maintains that it is left to rot only if it had already been given to the Kohen. If it is still in the hands of the Yisrael, it should be given to a Kohen from a different city.
11. Rav Chisda maintains the dispute between Rebbi Meir and the Rabanan is when the Ma'aser Sheni is in Yerushalayim. Rebbi Meir says that it is exempt from Chalah, because Ma'aser Sheni is Mamon Gavohah. The Rabanan say that Ma'aser Sheni is Ma'os Hedyot, and thus it is obligated in Chalah. However, when the Ma'aser Sheni is outside of Yerushalayim, everyone agrees that it is exempt from Chalah.
12. Ma'aser Sheni may be redeemed only before it has been brought to Yerushalayim. However, if it is Tamei and may not be eaten, it may be redeemed even in Yerushalayim.
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