REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. Rebbi Yehudah says in the name of Raban Gamliel that blood does not nullify blood, spit does not nullify spit, and urine does not nullify urine.
2. Rava says that when a utensil which contains water of the Parah Adumah, and the backside of which is Tamei, is immersed in a Mikvah, the utensil becomes Tahor if the majority of the utensil is filled with the water of the Mikvah, even according to Raban Gamliel.
3. Rebbi Elazar says that just as Mitzvos are not Mevatel one another, Isurim also are not Mevatel one another.
4. Hillel ha'Zaken wrapped the meat of the Korban Pesach, Matzah, and Maror together and ate the mixture.
5. An earthenware urinal used by a Zav or a Zavah is Metamei b'Heset, even if it was washed out twice with water. If it was washed out a third time with water, it is Tahor.
6. If an earthenware urinal which was used by a Zav or a Zavah is washed out three times with urine of a Tahor person, it remains Tamei according to Rebbi Yehudah. Rebbi Eliezer ben Yakov disagrees.
7. If a person is Mesit flax spun by a Nidah, he is Tahor. If the Nidah's saliva on the flax is still damp, he is Tamei.
8. Rebbi Yehudah says that if flax spun by a Nidah was moistened with water, a person who is Meisit the flax becomes Tamei.
9. If the blood of a Korban becomes mixed with Pasul blood, or with blood which was discharged from the Korban after its death, the mixture must be spilled into the stream of water in the Azarah, according to the Tana Kama.
10. According to Rebbi Eliezer, the mixture of blood may be placed on the Mizbe'ach. Even according to the Tana Kama, b'Di'eved if the Kohen placed the mixture of blood on the Mizbe'ach it is valid.
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A BIT MORE
1. According to Raban Gamliel, Min b'Mino is not Batel. If the blood of a Korban becomes mixed with other blood, it is still valid for the Mizbe'ach. If the blood from the Shechitah of a Chayah or bird becomes with other blood, it is valid for the Mitzvah of Kisuy ha'Dam. Similarly, if the spit or urine of a Zav or Zavah (which is an Av ha'Tum'ah) becomes mixed with ordinary blood or urine, it is not Batel and it is Metamei b'Heset, even if the Tahor spit or urine is the majority.
2. Raban Gamliel is stringent with regard to Bitul. However, when only the backside of a utensil is Tamei, he is lenient. This is because such Tum'ah is only mid'Rabanan. It occurs when a Tamei liquid comes into contact with the backside of the utensil. Mid'Oraisa, the liquid is not Metamei the utensil at all. Mid'Rabanan, the liquid is Metamei the backside of the utensil but not the inside. Although me'Ikar ha'Din it suffices to immerse the back of the utensil until the top edge, when the utensil contains the water of the Parah Adumah the Rabanan decreed that even the inside of the utensil must be immersed. The Rabanan were concerned that the owner of the utensil would not immerse the entire backside of the utensil until the top edge out of fear that the water of the Parah Adumah might become Pasul. Therefore, they decreed that the entire utensil must be immersed. However, since the inside of the utensil does not need to be immersed at all me'Ikar ha'Din, the immersion is valid as long as the water of the Mikvah fills up the majority of the utensil.
3. Rebbi Elazar argues with Reish Lakish who says that if a person mixes an olive's size of Pigul with an olive's size of Nosar and an olive's size of Tamei and he eats it, he is not Chayav Malkus, because it is inevitable that one of the Isurim is Batel. According to Rebbi Elazar, one Isur is not Mevatel another Isur, and therefore one is Chayav Malkus for eating the mixture.
4. Although the Korban Pesach, Matzah, and Maror are three separate Mitzvos, the taste of the Maror does not nullify the taste of the Matzah. According to Hillel ha'Zaken, one Mitzvah is not Mevatel another Mitzvah.
5. The earthenware urinal absorbs the urine of the Zav or Zavah, and therefore it is Metamei b'Heset. If it was washed out three times with water, the urine becomes flushed out and it is no longer Metamei.
6. According to Rebbi Yehudah, Min b'Mino is not Batel. Therefore, if it was washed out with urine it remains Tamei. According to Rebbi Eliezer ben Yakov, Min b'Mino is Batel.
7. The saliva of a Nidah is Metamei b'Heset. Once the saliva dries out, it is not Metamei.
8. According to Rebbi Yehudah, moistening the flax causes the saliva to become moist again and it is Metamei. Even if it is moistened many times, the saliva is not flushed out because saliva gets absorbed into flax and is not easily flushed out.
9. Even if the blood of the Korban is not Batel and, had it been mixed with water, it would have had the appearance of blood, nevertheless the Rabanan decreed that it must be spilled into the stream in the Azarah, according to the Tana Kama, because of the concern that even in a case in which it is Batel it will be placed on the Mizbe'ach.
10. Rav Zevid says that according to Rebbi Eliezer, the Rabanan did not decree that the blood must be spilled into the stream in the Azarah, because the Rabanan did not want to disqualify a Korban as a result of their Gezeirah. Rav Papa says that Rebbi Eliezer agrees with the Tana Kama that the Rabanan decreed that if the blood of a Korban becomes mixed with Pasul blood, it must be spilled into the stream in the Azarah. According to Rebbi Eliezer, if the blood from the Korban became mixed with blood which was discharged after its death, the decree does not apply, because it is not common that the blood which was discharged after its death suffices to nullify the rest of the blood.
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