REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. One may pick grain prior to the harvesting of the Omer only by hand, but not with a sickle in the usual manner.
2. One may harvest the grain of a Beis ha'Shelachin in a valley prior to the harvesting of the Omer. However, the grain may not be stacked.
3. If one failed to search for Chametz on the night of the fourteenth day of Nisan, he must search in the morning, or at the time of the burning of the Chametz in the sixth hour of the day, but not later than that, according to Rebbi Yehudah.
4. According to the Rabanan, if one failed to search for Chametz on Erev Pesach, he must search for Chametz during Yom Tov.
5. When the Minchas ha'Omer is offered, the Chadash becomes permitted immediately. Those who live a distance from Yerushalayim may eat Chadash after midday.
6. At the time of the destruction of the Beis ha'Mikdash, Rebbi Yochanan ben Zakai decreed that Chadash is forbidden the entire day of the sixteenth day of Nisan. Rebbi Yehudah says that it is forbidden Min ha'Torah the entire day of the sixteenth.
7. Rav and Shmuel say that when the Beis ha'Mikdash was standing, Chadash was permitted upon the offering of the Minchas ha'Omer. When the Beis ha'Mikdash is not standing, Chadash is permitted immediately on the morning of the sixteenth.
8. Rebbi Yochanan and Reish Lakish say that even while the Beis ha'Mikdash was standing, Chadash was permitted immediately on the morning of the sixteenth.
9. The Minchas ha'Omer permits Chadash outside the Beis ha'Mikdash, and the Shtei ha'Lechem of Shavuos permits Chadash in the Beis ha'Mikdash.
10. If wine of Bikurim is offered before the Minchas ha'Omer, it is valid b'Di'eved, according to Yehudah ben Nechemyah.
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A BIT MORE
1. Harvest grain in the normal manner prior to the harvesting of the Omer is forbidden.
2. Since the grain in this type of field is inferior and may not be used for the Minchas ha'Omer, one is permitted to harvest it prior to the harvesting of the Omer.
3. If one failed to search for Chametz in the sixth hour, he may not search later than that because of the concern that if he finds Chametz he will eat it, since he is accustomed to eating Chametz throughout the year. However, Rebbi Yehudah is not concerned that one will eat Chadash prior to the offering of the Minchas ha'Omer, because one is in the habit of abstaining from eating Chadash the entire year.
4. The Rabanan are not concerned that one will eat the Chametz that he finds on Pesach, because one who is occupied with ridding himself of Chametz will not eat it.
5. The Beis Din will always ensure that the Minchas ha'Omer is offered before midday. Therefore, even those who live too far away to know when the Minchas ha'Omer was offered may eat Chadash after midday.
6. Rebbi Yochanan ben Zakai was concerned that even after the Beis ha'Mikdash is built, may it be built speedily in our days, the people will eat Chadash immediately on the morning of the sixteenth without realizing that now that the Beis ha'Mikdash is built the Chadash is forbidden until the Minchas ha'Omer is offered. However, according to Rebbi Yochanan and Reish Lakish, Rebbi Yochanan ben Zakai maintained that Chadash is forbidden Min ha'Torah the entire day of the sixteenth, and Rebbi Yehudah was unaware that this was the view of Rebbi Yochanan ben Zakai, and in truth their opinion is the same.
7. According to Rav and Shmuel, the verse in the Torah which states that Chadash may not be eaten until the Minchas ha'Omer is offered applies when the Beis ha'Mikdash is standing. The verse which states that Chadash may not be eaten until "Etzem ha'Yom ha'Zeh" applies when the Beis ha'Mikdash is not standing.
8. However, even according to Rebbi Yochanan and Reish Lakish, it is a Mitzvah l'Chatchilah to refrain from eating the Chadash until the Minchas ha'Omer is offered.
9. Menachos and Bikurim may not be offered before the Shtei ha'Lechem of Shavuos. If Menachos and Bikurim are offered before the Minchas ha'Omer, they are Pasul. If they are brought before the Shtei ha'Lechem of Shavuos, they are valid b'Di'eved.
10. According to Yehudah ben Nechemyah, the reason why a Minchah which is brought prior to the Shtei ha'Lechem of Shavuos is valid b'Di'eved is that Chadash is permitted after the sixteenth of Nisan outside the Beis ha'Mikdash. According to that reasoning, Bikurim from the new crop of wine, which was never forbidden at all, is valid b'Di'eved even if it is offered before the Minchas ha'Omer.
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