REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. When a person is Chayav Sekilah Beis Din initially attempts to kill him with only one stone.
2. The item that is used to put a person to death is bought with public funds.
3. When a person is about to be put to death, he is given a piece of Levonah and a drink of wine to make him oblivious to what is happening to him.
4. In a case of Dinei Nefashos, if one of the Talmidim suggests a reason to acquit the defendant but that Talmid dies before the Gemar Din, his opinion is still taken into consideration for the Gemar Din.
5. If a person who is being taken out to be killed says that he has found a reason that he should be acquitted, he is brought back to Beis Din to argue his case.
6. When a person is taken out to be killed, a public announcement is made so that anyone who is aware of a reason to acquit him will come to Beis Din.
7. A person who humbles himself is regarded as if he has brought all of the Korbanos.
8. Before a person is put to death by Beis Din, he is told to say Viduy for his sins.
9. Achan committed Me'ilah with the Cherem of Yericho and Hashem Yisbarach told Yehoshua that someone had sinned but Hashem did not reveal the sinner's identity. Instead, He instructed Yehoshua to draw lots to find out the identity of the sinner.
10. Achan committed Me'ilah with many Charamim.
11. When Klal Yisrael crossed the Yarden, they all became liable for each other's sins.
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A BIT MORE
1. When a person is Chayav Sekilah, Beis Din at first brings one stone to throw upon him, and if he dies as a result of that stone they are Yotzei their obligation to administer Sekilah. If the first stone does not kill him, Beis Din must bring additional stones and continue stoning him until he dies.
2. All of the items that are used to administer Misas Beis Din - the stones that are used for Sekilah, the piece of wood that is used to hang a person, the sword that is used for execution and the kerchief that is used for strangulation - are acquired with public funds. However, it is a Safek as to how a flag and horse are acquired to keep outside Beis Din so the condemned person can be recalled if a Zechus is found while he is being led to his death. It is not clear if these items are purchased with public funds as well or if the money of the condemned person himself is used to pay for them.
3. The Levonah and wine were usually donated by the prominent women of Yerushalayim. If they did not provide these items, the Halachah dictates that public funds should be used to acquire them.
4. A Talmid who argued on behalf of the defendant and then died is viewed as if he is still alive and maintaining that the defendant should be acquitted. However, if a Talmid says that he has an argument on the defenant's behalf but he becomes mute before he can voice his reasoning, it is a Safek whether his opinion must be taken into consideration and the case must begin anew or his opinion is disregarded since he never verbalized it.
5. A condemned person who claims that he has a new argument to present for his own acquittal is brought back to Beis Din to present his argument, and if his argument is rejected and he is taken out to be killed again, he is brought back again if he claims that he has discovered another argument. He is brought back twice even if it is not certain that his arguments have any validity. Once he has been brought back twice, however, two Talmidei Chachamim are sent to accompany him and if he claims that he has another argument for his own Zechus, he is brought back to Beis Din only if those Talmidei Chachamim determine that his argument has some validity.
6. Beis Din announces who is being taken out to be executed, which Aveirah he committed, and which witnesses testified against him. They also announce the time and place of the Aveirah so that anyone who is aware that the witnesses were somewhere else at that time can be Mazim them.
7. The verse states that a broken spirit is regarded as Zivchei Elokim and that a brokhenhearted person's Tefilah is not rejected.
8. Anyone who says Viduy is given a portion in the World to Come. If a person does not know how to say Viduy, he should say, "My death should atone for my sins." Rebbi Yehudah maintains that if a person knows he is innocent of the sin for which he is being executed, he should say, "My death should atone for all of my sins except this one."
9. When the lots were drawn, they indicated that Achan had sinned, but he admitted to his transgression only after he was told that he would be Patur if he admitted. Achan thought that Yehoshua meant that he would be Patur in this world and would not be killed, but he was actually Chayav in this world and was put to death. Yehoshua had meant that he would be Patur in the next world because anyone who says Viduy is Patur in the next world.
10. Rebbi Chanina interprets the verse to mean that Achan was Mo'el in two Charamim during Moshe's reign and one during Yehoshua's reign. Rebbi Yochanan interprets it to mean that he was Mo'el in four Charamim during Moshe's reign and one during Yehoshua's reign.
11. Rebbi Yehudah maintains that each member of Klal Yisrael was liable even for sins that others committed in private. Rebbi Nechemyah maintains that they were liable only for sins that they knew about.
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