REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. According to Shmuel, one who gashes himself in mourning over the death of another person transgresses two Torah prohibitions.
2. If a person gashes himself in mourning over the death of another person, he is punished with Malkus. This is true whether the gash was done by hand or with an instrument.
3. If a person gashes himself in the service of an idol, he is punished with Malkus. This is only true if the gash was done with an instrument.
4. It is prohibited to remove the Pe'os of the beard with a shaving instrument that destroys the roots of the hair.
5. According to the Tana Kama, a person is punished with Malkus for tattooing any type of writing on his skin. Rebbi Shimon says that he is punished only if he tattoos on his skin the name of an idol.
6. Rebbi Malkiya maintains it is forbidden to place ashes on a wound, because it gives the appearance of a tattoo. Rav Ashi disagrees.
7. If a Nazir received only one warning not to drink wine, he is punished with only one set of Malkus even if he drinks wine the entire day. The same applies to cutting his hair or becoming Tamei to dead bodies.
8. If a person wears Shatnez clothing all day long he is punished with only one set of Malkus. If he removes the Shatnez clothing and puts it back on, he is punished with a separate set of Malkus for each warning that he is given.
9. It is possible for a person to plow a furrow on Yom Tov and transgress eight Mitzvos Lo Sa'aseh in the process.
10. Rebbi Yanai maintains that if someone covers Kil'ayim with dirt, he is punished with Malkus even according to the Rabanan.
11. If someone does many Melachos on Yom Tov and he is not informed between Melachos that he sinned, he is punished with only one set of Malkus.
12. A person who cooks a Gid ha'Nasheh together with milk on Yom Tov and then eats it may be punished with five set of Malkus.
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A BIT MORE
1. Shmuel agrees with Rebbi Yosi, who says that whether the gash was done by hand or with an instrument, one transgresses two prohibitions -- that of Seritah and that of Gedidah. Therefore, a person who gashes himself transgresses both prohibitions.
2. The verse that prohibits Gedidah implies that an instrument is used. The verse that prohibits Seritah implies that it is done by hand.
3. It was customary to gash oneself for an Avodah Zarah with an instrument, not by hand. Therefore, unless it was the practice to worship that particular Avodah Zarah by gashing oneself by hand, there is no liability for doing so.
4. The Tana Kama maintains that only a razor fits this description. Rebbi Eliezer maintains that tweezers also fit the description of a shaving instrument which destroys the roots.
5. Rebbi Shimon agrees that one is forbidden from tattooing any type of writing on the skin. One is punished with Malkus only for tattooing the name of an Avodah Zarah.
6. Rav Ashi states that since the wound is visible, it is obvious to all that the ashes placed on the wound are not a tattoo. Therefore, one is permitted to place ashes on his wound.
7. If he received more than one warning, he is punished with a separate set of Malkus for each warning.
8. Rav Bivi maintains that even if he merely slips his arms in and out of the sleeves, he is punished with a separate set of Malkus for each warning he received. Rav Acha brei d'Rav Ika maintains that he is punished with a separate set of Malkus only when he takes off the clothing completely before he puts it back on. Rav Ashi says that he is punished with a separate set of Malkus for each Hasra'ah even when he does not take off the clothing at all, as long as he wore it long enough to take it off and put it back on.
9. When one plows with two species of animals, he transgresses the prohibition against plowing with Kil'ayim. If the animals are Hekdesh, he also transgresses the prohibition of doing Melachah with an animal of Hekdesh. If he is plowing in a vineyard of Kil'ayim during Shevi'is and on Yom Tov, he transgresses another three prohibitions. If he is a Kohen and a Nazir, and is plowing in a cemetery, he transgresses another two prohibitions.
10. The Rabanan learn that a person is punished with Malkus only for planting Kil'ayim, but not for merely maintaining Kil'ayim. Rebbi Akiva maintains that a person is punished even for maintaining Kil'ayim. However, the Chachamim agree that there is a Chiyuv Malkus for covering Kil'ayim with dirt, because it is tantamount to planting Kil'ayim.
11. If a person does one act on Yom Tov which encompasses many Melachos, he is punished with only one set of Malkus. However, if he does many Melachos on Shabbos without knowing that he sinned, he is obligated to bring a Korban Chatas for every Melachah that he did.
12. He is punished with Malkus for five transgressions: cooking on Yom Tov, cooking meat and milk together, eating the Gid ha'Nasheh, and eating meat and milk which was cooked together. If he cooked it with wood from Hekdesh he is also Chayav Malkus for destroying an item of Hekdesh.
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