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ERUVIN 16

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SUMMARY 1. The Beraisa states the rules regarding walls.   2. The Gemara discusses a dispute about an area that has an equal amount of closed space and open space.   3. Although the Gemara challenges the opinion of Rav Papa (#2), it rules in accordance with it.   4. Rebbi Yehudah: A camp of a caravan may rely on a special leniency when constructing its surrounding wall before Shabbos.   5. Chachamim: This law (#4) applies to walls in general, and not only to a caravan.

A BIT MORE 1. For example, a person may make a wall out of thin reeds as long as they are positioned less than three Tefachim away from each other. This is because the law of Lavud, given to Moshe Rabeinu at Har Sinai, states that a gap of less than three Tefachim is considered closed (and therefore the wall is deemed whole).   2. Rav Papa states that the enclosed area is considered surrounded by partitions, since the law given to Moshe Rabeinu was that the area must not be mostly opened. Rav Huna brei d'Rav Yehoshua says that the enclosed area is considered unwalled, since the law was that the area must be mostly closed.   3. The Gemara explains that this is because the simple reading of the Mishnah is consistent with his opinion.   4. If the itinerants want to make an enclosure for their caravan in order to permit carrying when they stop traveling for Shabbos, they may surround the caravan with three ropes, one above the other, as long as the space between successive ropes is less than three Tefachim. While Rebbi Yehudah normally requires walls that have actual material both vertically and horizontally, he is lenient in the case of a caravan.   5. The Chachamim do not require walls to have actual material both vertically and horizontally.

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