REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. If a person who was once aware that he was Tamei forgets and eats Kodesh or enters the Mikdash, he must bring a Korban Oleh v'Yored when he remembers.
2. If a person who was once aware that he was Tamei forgets and eats Kodesh or enters the Mikdash, the goat which is brought inside the Heichal on Yom Kipur protects him from punishment.
3. If a person who was unaware that he was Tamei eats Kodesh or enters the Mikdash and he subsequently becomes aware that he is Tamei, the goat which is brought on the outer Mizbe'ach atones for his sin.
4. If a person was unaware that he was Tamei and he eats Kodesh or enters the Mikdash, if he remains unaware of his Tum'ah the goat which is brought on Yom Tov atones for him.
5. Rebbi Shimon maintains that the goat which is brought on Rosh Chodesh atones for a Tahor who eats Kodesh which is Tamei.
6. If a goat is separated to be used on Yom Kipur, Yom Tov, or Rosh Chodesh, and it becomes lost and a different goat is used instead, when the original goat is found it may be used for any of those days.
7. If a person intentionally eats Kodesh or enters the Mikdash while he is Tamei, the goat brought inside the Heichal atones for him.
8. The goat that is sent to be pushed off a cliff on Yom Kipur atones for all Aveiros that were committed during the year.
9. The ox that is brought inside the Heichal on Yom Kipur atones for Kohanim who ate Kodesh or entered the Mikdash in a state of Tum'ah.
10. There is a disagreement among the Tana'im whether the ox also atones for all of the Aveiros committed by the Kohanim.
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A BIT MORE
1. Whether he momentarily forgets that he is Tamei, or he forgets that what he is eating is Kodesh, or he forgets that the place is the Mikdash, he brings a Korban Oleh v'Yored. If he is rich, he must bring an animal for a Chatas. If he is poor, he brings a bird for a Chatas. If he is very poor, he brings a Minchah.
2. He is protected from punishment by the Korban together with the day of Yom Kipur itself, until he remembers that he was Tamei. Upon remembering, he must bring a Korban Oleh v'Yored.
3. The Korban together with the day of Yom Kipur itself atones for his sin.
4. Rebbi Yehudah maintains that both the goat brought on Yom Tov and the goat brought on Rosh Chodesh atone for his Aveirah. Rebbi Shimon maintains that only the goat brought on Yom Tov atones for him.
5. Rebbi Meir says the goats brought on Yom Kipur, Yom Tov and Rosh Chodesh all atone for the same sins. They atone for a person who became aware that he was Tamei only after he ate Kodesh or entered the Mikdash, for someone who was never aware that he was Tamei, and for a Tahor who ate Kodesh which was Tamei.
6. Although according to Rebbi Shimon the goat of Yom Kipur, Yom Tov and Rosh Chodesh atone for different Aveiros, since they all atone for the Tum'ah of the Mikdash and Kodshim they are interchangeable.
7. The Korban atones for him together with the day of Yom Kipur itself.
8. It atones for severe and lenient Aveiros, as well as for deliberate and unintentional Aveiros.
9. The ox atones for the Kohanim, whether or not they were aware of their Tum'ah.
10. The Tana Kama learns that the ox atones only for the Aveiros of Tum'as Mikdash and Kodshim, while the goat that is sent to be pushed off a cliff atones for the other Aveiros of the Kohanim. Rebbi Shimon maintains that the confession which is made on the ox atones for all of the Aveiros committed by the Kohanim.
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