What are the ramifications of "Ki Mishneh S'char Sachir Avadcha"?
Rashi: It obligates the Eved Ivri to work by night as well as by day 1 - in that he is Chayav to live with the Shifchah Cana'anis that his master gives him 2 in order to produce babies. 3
Riva citing R"M of Kutzi and Rosh: It refers to the fact that an Eved Ivri worked twice as much as a standard worker, 4 who is generally hired for three years. 5
Rashi: Double the time that a S'chir Yom works.
See Torah Temimah, note 68
Who are also Avadim Cana'anim (because they follow the status of their mother).
See Torah Temimah, who rejects this explanations on the brounds that the Eved Ivri receives double the amount of a standard worker
As the Navi writes in Yeshayah 16:14 "be'Shalosh Shanim ki'Sh'nei Sachir". Da'as Zekenim and Hadar Zekenim": It was customary to hire for three years, since normally, there is one leap year among them, and no one loses. That is because, if he would work for only one or two years, then, if it incorporates a leap-year, the Eved Ivri loses - since he works nineteen or eight days more than one or two solar years (for the normal wage for one or two years); whereas if it does not incorporate a leap- year, the master loses - since the Eved Ivri then works eleven or twenty-two days too little.
Why does the Torah compare an Eved Ivri to a hired worker?
Refer to 15:18:1:1 & 2.
Kidushin, 15a: To teach us that, just as what a hired worker produces goes to the heirs should the hirer die, the Ha'anakah goes to the Eved Ivri's heirs in the event that he dies. 1
See Torah Temimah, note 69.
What is the correlation between the beginning of the Pasuk and the end?
Seforno: 'Do not feel bad about sending the Eved Ivri away and providing him with Ha'anakah - which he deserves - because Hashem will bless you, in which case you are giving him from Hashem's money (and not from your own)'.
Rashbam: 'Don't feel bad about the fact that you are paying him double - for the six years that he worked for you and about the Ha'anakah - because due to this, Hashem will bless you (and reimburse your losses). 1
Oznayim la'Torah: 'Don't feel bad about the loss involved in sending away your Eved Ivri because Hashem will bless you in that you will be able to achieve on your own what you achieved when he worked for you.
Why does the Torah add the (other superfluous) words "be'Chol asher Ta'aseh"?
Sifri: To teach us that the B'rachah will not come if one sits and does nothing - only if one works for it. 1
See Torh Temimah, note 70.
QUESTIONS ON RASHI
Rashi writes that "Ki Mishneh S'char Sachir Avadcha" obligates the Eved Ivri to live with a Shifchah. But we know this already from "Im Adonav Yiten Lo Ishah" (Sh'mos 21:4)?
Riva: The Gemara in Kidushin 15a requires both Pesukim: One to teach us that it is permitted (even though normally, a Shifchah is forbidden to a Yisrael), and one to teach us that the master can force him to live with her.
