(Mishnah): If one wolf (entered the flock and took a sheep), it is not called accidental damage (as the shepherd could drive it away), but two wolves is called accidental damage.

R. Yehudah: When wolves are rampant, even one wolf is called accidental;

Two dogs are not accidental.

Yaduah the Babylonian citing R. Meir: If they (the two dogs) came from one direction, it is not accidental; from two directions, it is accidental.

Armed robbers are called accidental damage.

A lion, a bear, a leopard, a bardalus (hyena) and a snake are all called accidental damage.

When are all of these things called accidental damage? When they came to the flock, but if the shepherd took the flock to a place of wild animals or armed robbers, it is not called accidental.

If an animal died of natural causes, it is called accidental damage. If the shepherd starved it, it is not accidental damage.

If it climbed to the top of a cliff and fell, it is accidental; if the shepherd took him there and it fell, it is not accidental.

An unpaid watchman can stipulate that he will be exempt from making an oath. A borrower can stipulate to be exempt from payment. A paid watchman and a renter can stipulate that they will be exempt from an oath and from payment.

If one stipulates against a law of the Torah, his stipulation is annulled.

Any stipulation that preceeds the transaction (e.g. "If you give me 200 zuz, you are betrothed to me''), the stipulation is annulled.

A stipulation is only valid if it is technically possible to fulfil it. (However, if he said, "...on condition that I float to the sky'', the valid is invalid and is ignored.)

(Gemara) - Beraisa: If one makes a monetary stipulation against the Torah, the stipulation is valid. If it is not a monetary stipulation, the stipulation is annulled.

How is this? One who says to a woman, "You are betrothed to me on condition that you have no claim against me of food, clothing and relations'', she is betrothed.

"...that if I die, you will not fall to yibum'', she is betrothed, but the condition is annulled.

The rule said by R. Yehudah ben Tema - Any stipulation that is possible to fulfil and he made it, whether he wrote it or said it, he was merely trying to upset her.

Any stipulation that is valid when said is valid when written.

In between Kfar Otnai in the Galil and Antifteras in Yehudah, they were required to act stringently. (Note: This sentence has been printed here out of context from the sugya in Maseches Gitin. See Gitin Perek 7 Mishnah 7.)