Version #2: Rashi's text says "and so said Rav." He argues with the opinion in Bava Basra (143b) that property that improved due to the brothers themselves, they themselves get the Shevach;

He [Rav] holds that even if they improved due to the toil of those who improved it, like here, that they planted an orchard, the Shevach is divided equally.

Question: This is astounding, that Rava argues with Rav, for there Rava spoke, and he did not bring Rav's teaching! (All Chachamim of Bavel were Talmidim of Rav or Shmuel, or their Talmidim. Rava was two generations after Rav. Surely, if he disagreed, he would explain why! This is even more difficult if our text is "Rava", for then he contradicts himself!)

Answer - Version #3: It seems that the text says "Rabah", and so it says in R. Tam's text.

Explanation: This is not from Rav Chisda's words. Rather, the Gemara brings that a similar episode came in front of Rabah, and he ruled that the Shevach is divided equally, like Rav Chisda;

The Gemara brought it due to Abaye's question. Abaye asked Rabah "are these similar?!..." Rabah was not concerned for his question, and ruled that the Shevach is divided equally.

Explanation: Rav Chisda's ruling disseminated, and it came in front of R. Ami.

Explanation: The Yerushalmi explains Rabanan's reason. Mice are evil. When they see many Peros, it is not enough that they eat. Rather, they call their colleagues to eat with them!

Implied question: Why does it say in the Gemara "many spoil and many are scattered"?

Answer: They address R. Yochanan [ben Nuri] according to his reasoning. Even if you disagree with the reason of the Yerushalmi (mice are evil), in any case many [Peros] rot.

Question: If so, also for less than a Kor, he should deduct like for a Kor!

Answer: [The mice] do not have room to hide inside [a small amount of Peros];

Observation: In any case, he deducts the proper amount according to the calculation, for it is impossible that they will not decrease.

Question: Why doesn't our Mishnah list unpeeled rice together with flax seeds, since both of them have the same Shi'ur?

Answer: It is obvious to him that rice decreases so much (he did not need to teach it).

Implied question: In the Reisha, it teaches peeled rice. Why didn't it list peeled flax seeds [with it]?

Answer: Perhaps their laws (the amounts that he deducts) are different.

Question: Even two or three Korin inflate, according to the calculation of what one deducts for them!

Answer: For 10 Korin, the inflation offsets the loss of one Kor. "He does not deduct for them" means the entire deduction, for he does not deduct for one Kor [of the 10, only for nine];

This is why it mentioned 10 Korim, to exclude less than this. (Then, he deducts for part of one Kor, and fully for every other Kor.)

Inference: One may profit up to a sixth.

Explanation: Presumably, Rav Yehudah could have found people who would pay him more. Why didn't he profit up to a sixth? (This would decrease the amount of time he needed to engage in this!)

Question: All the more so, it absorbs more, like we said above (Amud A) "in [R. Yehudah's] locale, they smear [barrels] with pitch, and they absorb more! (Maharam Shif - it was obvious to the Makshan that we discuss smeared barrels. He assumes that they are smeared with wax. We answered that they are smeared with pitch. Tosfos asks that pitch absorbs even more than wax!)

Answer #1: That refers to new barrels. An old barrel that already absorbed, does not absorb more.

Answer #2: There we discuss wine. Here regarding oil it does not absorb, since it is old.

Question: The seller should give to the buyer one and a half Lugim of dregs. He can still mix [the dregs with the oil] and sell it!

Answer: Our Mishnah discusses even if the oil is not around. He took it little by little [from the seller] and sold it or consumed it. (Maharam - had he taken it all at once, he would have known from the beginning that the seller deducted one and a half Lugim.)

Question: He should say that [Chachamim say that he cannot force the buyer to accept dregs] due to pardon (the seller pardoned his right to sell oil with dregs), and really they permit mixing!

Answer: Our Mishnah discusses even when the oil is still intact. Then, pardon does not apply, since he can fix [the matter]. He tells him "take the dregs, and mix [them] with the oil!"

Implied question: [This is difficult] for Rav Papa, who holds that their reason is due to pardon!

Answer #1: He holds that the oil is not intact, for if it were intact, pardon would not apply.

Answer #2: He holds that even though it is intact, pardon applies, since he measured out [and gave to him] pure [oil].

Question: He should say that [R. Yehudah] permits, and the reason [the buyer must accept] is because he holds that pardon [of the seller] does not apply!

Answer: Rav Papa holds that regarding [one who sold] a yoke, and [the buyer says that he paid also for the] oxen, there is a proof that he did not pardon, for presumably, he did not pay 200 Zuz (about a year's income) for a yoke without oxen;

However, here one and a half Lugim is a small amount. Since he did not mix it in, he pardoned.

Explanation: We discuss when he could not sell for a higher price than he paid for it. Therefore, he says "you bought from me with this intent. You knew that I will keep one and a half Lugim [of pure oil, and give to you dregs in place of it], in order to profit a little."

Explanation #1: They said that the loss due to cloudiness due to Pekatim (refuse of the pits), is only to the seller, for when one gives to the buyer clear oil, he does not deduct anything from the 100 Lugim due to the Pekatim, only the [usual] Log and a half due to dregs.

Question: Cloudiness does not apply so much to Pekatim (the refuse floats on top), rather, to something that mixes, like dregs!

Answer and Explanation #2: They said that the loss due to cloudiness due to dregs, is only to the seller, for if one sells clear oil, the buyer accepts due to the [lack of] dregs, a Log and a half [less oil], and the seller profits the dregs;

When he sells cloudy oil, he gives a full 100 Lugim of clear oil, and loses the dregs through selling it when it is cloudy;

When he sells clear oil, we do not call this a loss for the buyer, even though he loses the dregs, because the Ba'al ha'Bayis is pleased with clear [oil].