1)

MAASER SHENI OF DEMAI (Yerushalmi Demai Perek 1 Halachah 2 Daf 2b)

îùðä äãîàé àéï ìå çåîù åàéï ìå áéòåø åðàëì ìàåðï åðëðñ ìéøåùìéí åéåöà

(a)

(Mishnah): (The Maaser Sheni of) Demai is not obligated in (adding) a fifth, or in being removed (at the end of the third year of the Shemittah cycle); it may be eaten by a Onen (one who is before or on the day of burial of a close relative); it may be brought into Yerushalayim and then taken out (even though for regular Maaser Sheni, that is prohibited);

åîàáãéï àú îéòåèå áãøëéí åðåúðå ìòí äàøõ åàåëì ëðâãå

(b)

If there is a small amount, he may just waste it on the roads (rather than bring it to Yerushalayim if, for example, he was in a place of soldiers or bandits) and he may give it to an Am HaAretz and then eat the equivalent amount in Yerushalayim. (It is usually prohibited to give actual Maaser Sheni to an Am HaAretz.)

åîçìì àåúå ëñó òì ëñó åðçåùú òì ðçåùú [ãó ä òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] ëñó òì ðçåùú åðçåùú òì ôéøåú åéçæåø åéôãä àú äôéøåú ãáøé ø"î

(c)

One may transfer the sanctity of Maaser Sheni of Demai from silver to silver, copper to copper, silver to copper and from copper back to fruit, as long as he then redeems the fruit onto money. This is the opinion of R. Meir.

åçëîéí àåîøéí éòìå äôéøåú åéàëìå áéøåùìéí:

(d)

(Chachamim): They must be taken and eaten in Yerushalayim.

âîøà ìà éåçðï ë"â äòáéø äåãééú îòùø

(e)

(Gemara) (Question): Didn't Yochanan the Kohen Gadol cancel the law of declaring Maaseros?

äòáéøï ùìà éúååãå äà ìáòø öøéê ìáòø åáåãàé àáì áãîàé àéï öøéê ìáòø

(f)

Answer: He cancelled the requirement to make a declaration but not the requirement to remove it. This applied to definite Maaser Sheni but Maaser Sheni of Demai does not even require removal.

úðé ðàëì áàðéðä åàéðå ðàëì áèåîàä

(g)

Baraisa: It may be eaten by an Onen but not in a state of Tumah.

îä áéï àðéðä îä áéï èåîàä

(h)

Question: What's the difference?

àîø øá ðçîï èåîàä îöåé' àðéðä àéðä îöåé' âæøå òì ãáø ùäåà îöåé åìà âæøå òì ãáø ùàéðå îöåé

(i)

Answer (Rav Nachman): Tumah is common; Aninus (being an Onen) is not; they only decreed on that which is common.

àîø ø' éåñé àôéìå ëñô÷ èáì ìà òùå àåúå àéìå áñô÷ èáì ñô÷ ðéú÷ï î"ù ñô÷ ìà ðéú÷ï ùîà àéðå àñåø ìàåðï áøí äëà îåúø ìàåðï

(j)

(R. Yosi): They didn't even make Maaser Sheni of Demai like Maaser Sheni of doubtful Tevel (doubtfully untithed produce) - doubtful Tevel is prohibited to an Onen, but Demai is permitted!

úîï úðéðï äúøåîä åúøåîú îòùø ùì ãîàé åäëà àú àîø äëï

(k)

Question (Mishnah in Maseches Bava Metzia): (Discussing the five cases of 'fifths') (If one eats) Terumah, Terumas Maaser of Demai...(he must add a fifth to the value) - but in our Mishnah it taught that it is not obligated in (adding) a fifth...?

àîø ø"æ úîï úðéðéï úøåîú îòùø ùì ãîàé áøí äëà î"ù ùì ãîàé

(l)

Answer (R. Zeira): It taught there the case of Terumas Maaser of Demai, but our Mishnah discussed Maaser Sheni of Demai (where according to the Torah, the fifth is not crucial).

à"ø àéîé àéï äîùðä äæàú éåöàú éãé úøåîú îòùø ùì ãîàé [ãó ä òîåã á (òåæ åäãø)] îàé ëãåï úîï ø"î áøí äëà øáðï

(m)

Rebuttal (R. Imi): Our Mishnah also discussed Terumas Maaser of Demai. So what is the resolution? Over there was the opinion of R. Meir; here was Rabbanan (the dispute being whether or not the Chachamim applied the stringencies of the Torah to their decrees).

ø"æ àîø áùí øáðï áãéï äéä úøå"î ùì ãîàé ùìà éôøéù òìéä çåîù åìîä àîøå ùéôøéù îôðé âãéøä ùàí àú àåîø ìå ùìà éôøéù àó äåà àéðå ðåäâ áä á÷ãåù'

(n)

(R. Zeira citing Rabbanan): Really, Terumas Maaser of Demai should not have the fifth added; so why did they require it? It was a protective measure, as if he would not need to add the fifth, he would not treat it with sanctity.

áãéï äéä îòùø ùðé ùì ãîàé ùéôøéù òìéå çåîù åìîä àîøå ùìà éôøéù îôðé âãéøå ùàí àú àåîø ìå ùéôøéù àó [ãó â òîåã à] äåà àéðå îôøéù ëì òé÷ø

1.

Really, Maaser Sheni of Demai should have the fifth separated, so why didn't they do this? It was a protective measure, as if he would need to separate it, he wouldn't ultimately even separate Maaser Sheni at all.