Mishnah 1
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1)

(a)The minimum Shi'ur the Mishnah gives for Netilas Yadayim is a Revi'is. What is the definition of a Revi'is? How much is it in terms of eggs?

(b)For how many people will this Shi'ur suffice?

(c)On what basis is the second person permitted to wash, even though he is using less than a Revi'is?

(d)How does the Rambam qualify this ruling (even though others do not agree with him)?

1)

(a)The minimum Shi'ur the Mishnah gives for Netilas Yadayim (see Tos. Yom-Tov) is a Revi'is - a quarter of a Log (which is the equivalent of one and a half egg-volumes).

(b)This Shi'ur will suffice for one or two people (see Tiferes Yisrael. See also Tos. Yom-Tov) ...

(c)... in spite of the fact that the second person is using less than a Revi'is - because initially there was a Revi'is (Ba mi'Shiyurei Taharah).

(d)The Rambam qualifies this latter ruling - by restricting it to the second washing (which will be explained shortly [even though the other commentaries do not agree with him]).

2)

(a)For how many people will one require ...

1. ... half a Log?

2. ... a complete Log?

(b)Why will one and a half Revi'is not suffice for three people?

(c)On what condition will it, in fact, suffice?

2)

(a)One will require ...

1. ... half a Log (three egg-volumes) - for three or four people (see Tos. Yom-Tov).

2. ... a complete Log - for five, ten or even a hundred people (see Tos. Yom-Tov) washing simultaneously.

(b)One and a half Revi'is will not suffice for three people - because we suspect that since there is relatively little water for so many people, each one will not wash the entire hand, in order to leave sufficient water for those who wash after him.

(c)It will however suffice - if the first one used only half a Revi'is for himself, leaving a Revi'is for the remaining two people.

3)

(a)R. Yossi qualifies the earlier concession, permitting more than two people to wash from half a Log or more. On what condition does he permit it?

(b)Like whom is the Halachah?

3)

(a)R. Yossi qualifies the earlier concession, permitting more than two people to wash from half a Log or more - provided that at least a Revi'is remains for the last one (see Tos. Yom-Tov).

(b)The Halachah - is like the Tana Kama.

4)

(a)Why is it customary to wash one's hands twice?

(b)What does the Tana mean when he permits ...

1. ... 'adding on to the second'?

2. ... 'but not on to the first'?

(c)What must one then do if the first washing failed to cover the entire hand?

4)

(a)It is customary to wash one's hands twice (in spite of the fact that after the first time, one's hands are Tahor) - because if the hand subsequently touches the water on the towel it will become Tamei again (see Tos. Yom-Tov & Mishnah Achronah).

(b)When the Tana ...

1. ... permits 'adding on to the second', he means that - if the water of the second washing did not reach one's wrist, one may simply pour more water over the part of the hand that the previous washing did not reach ...

2. ... does not permit adding on to the first, he means - that he may not do that should the water of the first washing not reach one's wrist ...

(c)... but must dry one's hands and wash them again.

Mishnah 2
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5)

(a)What sort of vessels does the Mishnah permit for Netilas Yadayim?

(b)In what connection does the Tana then mention vessels made of animal dung, stones and earth?

(c)Why might we have thought otherwise?

5)

(a)The Mishnah permits any receptacles to be used for Netilas Yadayim (see Tos. Yom-Tov) ...

(b)... even if they are made of animal dung, stones and earth ...

(c)... in spite of the fact that they are not considered Keilim regarding being subject to Tum'ah,.

6)

(a)The Tana prohibits however, using the walls of a broken vessel or the base of a Machatz. What is a Machatz (see Tiferes Yisrael)?

(b)Why are they Pasul?

(c)And why is the lid of a barrel Pasul even though when turned upside down, it is a receptacle?

6)

(a)The Tana prohibits however, using the walls of a broken vessel or the base of a Machatz - a scoop with which one transfers wine from the pit to the barrel ...

(b)... which are Pasul - because thy are broken vessels.

(c)Nor may not use the lid of a barrel (even though, when turned upside down, it is a receptacle - since it is made to be used to cover a barrel, and not as a receptacle.

7)

(a)What is the Din regarding Reuven pouring the water on to Shimon's hands from his own palms?

(b)What does he add regarding using one's palms to ...

1. ... fill the jar with spring-water for Mei Chatas?

2. ... be Mekadesh it? What does this entail?

(c)What is the reason for all of these rulings?

(d)And what about sprinkling it on the Tamei person or object?

(e)What does the latter entail?

7)

(a)Reuven may not pour the water on to Shimon's hands from his own palms ...

(b)... amd the same applies to using one's palms to ...

1. ... fill the jar with spring-water for Mei Chatas, or to ...

2. ... be Mekadesh it - to pour the ashes into the water ...

(c)... because all of these require a K'li ...

(d)... as does sprinkling the Mei Chatas on the Tamei person or object ...

(e)... which entails dipping a hyssop twig into the Mei Chatas and sprinkling it.

8)

(a)The Mishnah compares the current ruling to that of an earthenware vessel inside an earthenware vessel. Based on the Pasuk in Shemini "Kol asher be'Socho Yitma Yitma. Mi'Kol ha'Ochel asher Ye'achel", what becomes Tamei if it is inside an earthenware vessel into which a dead Sheretz falls, and what remains Tahor?

(b)On what condition will even food and drink remain Tahor?

(c)In what way does the Tana now compare this ruling to that of washing one's hands?

8)

(a)The Mishnah compares the current ruling to that of an earthenware vessel inside an earthenware vessel. Based on the Pasuk in Shemini "Kol asher be'Socho Yitma Yitma. Mi'Kol ha'Ochel asher Ye'achel" - food and drink become Tamei if it is inside an earthenware vessel into which a dead Sheretz falls, but Adam and Keilim remain Tahor.

(b)Even food and drink will remain Tahor however - if they are inside another earthenware vessel whose top is sealed.

(c)The Tana now compares this ruling to that of washing one's hands - inasmuch as it is only complete earthenware Keilim that will save food and drink from the Tum'ah that is inside the larger earthenware vessel, but not if they are part of a broken vessel.

Mishnah 3
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9)

(a)The Mishnah disqualifies water that is unfit for an animal to drink from washing when it is inside a vessel, but validates it when it is on the ground. What is a better name for ...

1. ... washing with water that is inside a vessel?

2. ... washing with water that is on the ground?

3. ... water that is unfit?

(b)What is the reason for the latter ruling?

(c)What is the definition of Pesulim?

(d)On what condition does the Tana disqualify water which an animal cannot drink even when it is on the ground?

9)

(a)The Mishnah disqualifies water that is unfit for an animal to drink from washing when it is inside a vessel, but validates it when it is on the ground. A better name for ...

1. ... washing with water that is inside a vessel is - Netilas Yadayim.

2. ... washing with water that is on the ground is - Tevilas Yadayim (in a Mikvah [see Tos. Yom-Tov]).

3. ... water that is unfit is - Pesulim.

(b)The latter ruling is - based on a Kal-va'Chomer, because if the water purifies even one's entire body, how much more so just the hands.

(c)Pesulim means that - the water is smelly.

(d)The Tana disqualifies water which an animal cannot drink even when it is on the ground - if it is excessively muddy.

10)

(a)On what condition will water become ineligible for washing if ink, gum or vitriol (Kankantum) falls into it?

(b)What effect does Kankantum have on the water?

(c)The Tana disqualifies water with which one worked (washed up dishes). What if one merely dipped one's bread into it?

(d)What does Shimon ha'Timni say about a case where one intends to dip one's bread in one lot of water and it falls into another lot (see Tos. Yom-Tov citing the Maharam)?

10)

(a)Water will become ineligible for washing if ink, gum or vitriol (Kankantum) falls into it - if it changes the appearance of the water.

(b)Kankantum causes the water - to shine like glass.

(c)The Tana disqualifies water with which one worked (washed up dishes) - or if one merely dipped one's bread into it.

(d)Shimon ha'Timni rules that if one intends to dip one's bread in one lot of water and it falls into another lot (see Tos. Yom-Tov citing the Maharam) - the latter remains eligible for washing.

Mishnah 4
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11)

(a)What does the Mishnah say about water with which one ...

1. ... washed Keilim?

2. ... Michah bahem es ha'Midos? What does 'Michah' mean?

(b)Why does ...

1. ... the Tana Kama permit water that was used to clean washed or new Keilim?

2. ... R. Yossi disagree with that?

(c)Like whom is the Halachah?

11)

(a)The Mishnah declares Pasul water with which one ...

1. ... washed Keilim and water with which ...

2. ... Michah bahem es ha'Midos - one wiped clean the grime that is stuck to the weights.

(b)The ...

1. ... Tana Kama permits water that was used to clean washed or new Keilim - since the Melachah is unnecessary.

2. ... R. Yossi disagrees with that - because one does not generally use new Keilim before washing them.

(c)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.

Mishnah 5
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12)

(a)What does the Tana say about the water in which a baker washes G'luskin? What are G'luskin?

(b)What if he subsequently takes some of the water in his hands to rub over the surface of the loaves (see Tos. Yom-Tov)?

(c)What is the reason for the latter ruling?

12)

(a)The Tana declares invalid for Netilas Yadayim water in which a baker washes G'luskin - fresh loaves of bread.

(b)If he takes some of the water water to rub over the surface of the loaves - the remaining water remains Tahor (see Tos. Yom-Tov) ...

(c)... since he performed the Melachah with the water in his hands and not with the water that remains in the K'li.

13)

(a)The Mishnah now discusses a Chashu who washes somebody's hands. Does the latter need to wash them again?

(b)What does the Tana say about ...

1. ... placing a vessel with water between one's knees and washing with the help of one's knees?

2. ... tipping a vessel with water until the water is pouring out by itself and washing with it?

3. ... allowing a monkey to wash one's hands for Netilas Yadayim?

13)

(a)The Mishnah now discusses a Chashu who washes somebody's hands - which he permits even Lechatchilah.

(b)The Tana also permits ...

1. ... placing a vessel with water between one's knees and washing with the help of one's knees, as well as ...

2. ... tipping a vessel with water until the water is pouring out by itself and washing with it, and he even ...

3. ... allows a monkey to wash one's hands for Netilas Yadayim.

14)

(a)What does R. Yossi say about the last two cases?

(b)What is his reason in the case where ...

1. ... the monkey poured the water?

2. ... he tipped the barrel?

(c)Why does he then concede that in the first case, the washing is Kasher (see Tiferes Yisrael 35)?

(d)What does the Tana Kama hold?

(e)Like whom is the Halachah?

14)

(a)R. Yossi renders the last two cases Pasul ...

(b)In the case where ...

1. ... the monkey poured the water - because he requires Ko'ach Adam (that the washing is performed by a human-being).

2. ... he tipped the barrel - because he does not consider that Ko'ach Adam.

(c)He concedes that in the first case, the washing is Kasher - because there a. a person actually poured the water and b. because the washing was performed by a person, even though he used his knees and not his hands.

(d)The Tana Kama - requires pouring, but not necessarily at the hand of a person, and since the person tipped the barrel to begin with, he considers that pouring.

(e)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.

Hadran alach 'Mei Revi'is'