1)

THE SOURCE OF THE 11 DAYS OF ZIVAH

(a)

Question: We learn (the 11 days of Zivah) from verses, not from a tradition!

1.

(Beraisa) Suggestion: Perhaps one who sees three consecutive days at the beginning of Nidah becomes a Zavah!

i.

Question: (The Torah mentions "Zavah" in two Parshiyos. Only the latter mentions "b'Lo Es Nidasah" and requires seven clean days and a Korban. The former really refers to Nidah.) If that is true (that one can become a Zavah during Nidah), how would we fulfill (the first Parshah) "Ishah Ki Siheyeh Zavah... " (which requires neither clean days nor a Korban)?

ii.

Answer: That verse discusses one who saw only one day.

2.

Rejection: "B'Lo Es Nidasah" teaches that she is a Zavah only if she saw shortly after (the seven days of) Nidah.

3.

Question: This teaches about one who saw right after Nidah (days 1, 2, 3 of Zivah). What is the source to include when a day intervened (she saw on days 2, 3, 4)?

4.

Answer: "Oh Chi Sazov" includes this.

5.

Question: What is the source to include when two days intervened, or three, or four... , or ten?

6.

Answer: Just like we find that day four can be a day of Sefirah (if she saw on day 1, 2, 3, day four is the first of the seven clean days) or a day of Zivah (if she saw on 2, 3, 4), also day 10 (or any prior day) can be a day of Sefirah (if she saw 1, 2, 3, day 10 is the seventh clean day) or a day of Zivah.

7.

Question: What is the source that day 11 can be a day of Zivah?

8.

Answer: "B'Lo Es Nidasah" includes it.

9.

Question: Perhaps even day 12 is included!

10.

Answer: It is not.

11.

Question: Why do we include day 11, but not day 12?

12.

Answer: We include 11, for it can be Sefirah for (Zivah that started on day two, which we learned from) "Oh Chi Sazov". We do not learn day 12, which cannot be Sefirah in this case.

13.

Question: This teaches about one who saw three consecutive days. What is the source for one who saw two consecutive days?

14.

Answer: "Yemei (Zov)" includes this.

15.

Question: What is the source for one who saw one day?

16.

Answer: "Kol Yemei" includes this;

i.

"Teme'ah" teaches that she is Metamei (for seven days) one who has Bi'ah with her, like a Nidah does;

ii.

"Hi" teaches that she is Metamei one who has Bi'ah with her, but a Zav is not Metamei (for seven days) one with whom he has Bi'ah. (Anyone he touches is a Rishon l'Tum'ah until they immerse, and a Tevul Yom from then until night.)

17.

Question: What is the source that she is Metamei Mishkav u'Moshav?

18.

Answer: "K'Mishkav Nidasah" teaches this.

19.

Question: This teaches about one who saw three days. What is the source for one who saw two days?

20.

Answer: "Yemei" includes this.

21.

Question: What is the source for one who saw one day?

22.

Answer: "Kol Yemei" includes this.

23.

Question: What is the source that she must count one day (refrain from Bi'ah) corresponding to a day she sees?

24.

Answer: "Yihyeh Lah" teaches this.

25.

Suggestion: A Kal va'Chomer should obligate her to count seven clean days after seeing two consecutive days!

i.

A man who saw Zov once need not count a day for this. (He may immerse immediately, and he is Tahor). If he sees two consecutive days, he needs seven clean days. A woman who saw blood once must count a corresponding day. All the more so if she sees two consecutive days she should need seven clean days!

ii.

Rejection: "Yihyeh Lah" teaches that she counts only one day.

26.

Summation of question (a): Verses teach the 11 days of Zivah!

(b)

Answer: The Beraisa is like R. Akiva. He learns from verses. R. Elazar ben Azaryah has a tradition for it.

(c)

Question (Rav Shemayah): A woman should become a Zavah only if she sees during the day, but if she sees at night, she should become a Nidah! (In the Parshah of Zavah it says "Kol Yemei Zovah.")

(d)

Answer (R. Aba): This is why it says "Al Nidasah." Right after Nidasah, i.e. the beginning of night eight, the verse calls her a Zavah.

(e)

(Tana d'Vei Eliyahu): One who learns (Me'iri - thoroughly enough to derive the) Halachos every day is a Ben Olam ha'Ba. We read "Halichos Olam Lo" like "Halachos, the world (to come) is for him." (Maharsha - now that Benos Yisrael are stringent like R. Zeira, the distinctions between Nidah and Zavah do not apply. Even so, these are still "Gufei Halachos," and one who learns them is a Ben Olam ha'Ba.)

TAM V'NISHLAM, B'EZRAS HA'TZUR

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