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BECHOROS 12
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SUMMARY

1. The Mishnah lists the animals that are not considered like a sheep for the purpose of redeeming a firstborn donkey.
 
2. There is an argument about whether a sheep that is the offspring of two different species may be used to redeem a firstborn donkey.
 
3. There is an argument about whether a sheep that is a Ben Peku'ah (it was in the womb while the mother was slaughtered) may be used to redeem a firstborn donkey.
 
4. One may not redeem a firstborn donkey with a sheep of Pesulei ha'Mukdashin that was redeemed.
 
5. The firstborn of an animal bought with money of Shemitah is exempt from the laws of a firstborn animal. However, it is obligated in Matnos Kehunah.
 
6. One who makes dough from Shemitah grain and eats some of the dough before separating Chalah is liable for Misah.
 
7. A Jew should not give a firstborn donkey to a Kohen who says that he will redeem it on his own, unless he actually sees the Kohen redeem it with a sheep.
 
8. There is an argument in the Mishnah about a person who redeems a firstborn donkey with a sheep but does not give it to the Kohen before the sheep dies.
 
9. There is an argument in the Mishnah about a person who redeems a firstborn donkey with a sheep but does not give it to the Kohen before the donkey dies.

A BIT MORE

1. A calf, undomesticated animal, slaughtered sheep, and Tereifah sheep may not be used to redeem a firstborn donkey.
 
2. The Tana Kama says that it may not be used. Rebbi Eliezer considers it a sheep.
 
3. The Gemara explains that the argument is according to the Rabanan, who say that a Ben Peku'ah does not need to be slaughtered. Mar Zutra considers it like a sheep that is already slaughtered, which the Mishnah says cannot be used. Rav Ashi considers it like an ordinary sheep.
 
4. This is derived from a comparison between Pesulei ha'Mukdashin to a "Tzvi and Ayal" (two undomesticated animals), stated in the verse regarding Pesulei ha'Mukdashin. Just as a Tzvi and Ayal may not be used to redeem a firstborn donkey, Pesulei ha'Mukdashin may not be used to redeem a firstborn donkey.
 
5. The animal has the sanctity of produce of Shevi'is, which the Torah says is "to be eaten" and not burned (on the altar). Giving Matnos Kehunah from the animal does not contradict the fact that it is eaten, and therefore it is obligated in Matnos Kehunah.
 
6. The verse states regarding Chalah, "for generations," implying that dough is subject to the obligation of Chalah even if it is made from grain of Shemitah.
 
7. There is a suspicion that a Kohen will not bother to redeem the firstborn donkey with a sheep, since he does not realize the importance of doing so when he is going to end up keeping both the donkey and the sheep anyway.
 
8. Rebbi Eliezer says that the person must give a sheep to the Kohen. The Chachamim and others say that he owes the Kohen nothing.
 
9. Rebbi Eliezer says that the firstborn donkey should be buried, since it is forbidden from benefit, and the owner may use the sheep. The Chachamim say that the carcass of the donkey may be used by the owner, and the sheep must be given to the Kohen.

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