REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
The Halachah does not follow Rebbi Shimon, who says that a widow who collects part of her Kesuvah loses her Mezonos.
A widow who sells the property of the orphans for her Kesuvah must make a Shevu'ah.
A widow may not take for herself the property of the orphans as collection for her Kesuvah.
When a widow sells the property of the orphans for the collection of her Kesuvah, no auction is necessary.
A widow has a Kesuvah worth 200. If she sells a field worth only 100 but she receives 200 for the sale, or if she sells a field worth 200 but receives only 100, she has collected her Kesuvah. (1)
A widow has a Kesuvah worth 100. If she sells a field worth 101 for 100, the sale is void even if she gives the difference to the orphans. (2)
A widow has a Kesuvah worth 400. She sells three fields for their value, and she undersells a fourth field. The sale of the fourth field is void.
Rebbi Yehudah: If a person sends an agent for a purchase and the agent buys the item at a discount, the money that is saved belongs to the agent.
Rebbi Yosi: If the item that was purchased has a fixed price, the money that is saved is divided between the agent and the sender. (3)
A Shali'ach is instructed to give one piece of meat to the guests, but he offers them two. The guests then help themselves to three. If the meat turns out to be Hekdesh, they are all obligated to bring a Korban Me'ilah.
A person sends a Shali'ach on a Shelichus and the Shali'ach committed Me'ilah with Hekdesh. If the Shelichus was carried out properly, the sender is obligated to bring a Korban Me'ilah. (4)
A BIT MORE
1. This Mishnah is in accordance with the view of Rebbi Yosi. According to Rebbi Yehudah, however, when the widow sells a field worth 100 for 200, she may keep the extra money and she is still entitled to collect another 100 for her Kesuvah.
2. Raban Shimon ben Gamliel says that the sale is void if the field was undersold by only a small amount.
3. If the item that was purchased does not have a fixed price, the money that is saved is given entirely to the sender.
4. If the Shali'ach did not carry out the Shelichus properly, the Shali'ach must bring a Korban Me'ilah.
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BRIEF INSIGHT
SEIZING METALTELIN
The Gemara says that if a woman seized a silver cup for her Kesuvah, she may keep it. The Tosfos Rid explains that even though a woman may collect her Kesuvah only from Karka, if she seized Metaltelin while her husband was still alive, she may keep it. The Ran says that the Rabanan decreed that nowadays a woman may collect her Kesuvah and Mezonos from Metaltelin. Since many people do not have Karka, the law that a woman may collect her Kesuvah and Mezonos only from Karka no longer applies.
QUICK HALACHAH
THE PROFITS OF A SHALI'ACH
A person sends a Shali'ach on a mission to buy wheat and he buys barley instead, or vice versa. If it caused a loss, the difference must be paid by the Shali'ach. If there was a profit, the sender gets it. If the Shali'ach was sent to buy something at a fixed price and the Shali'ach was given extra merchandise, it is divided between the sender and the Shali'ach. If it is something that does not have a fixed price and the Shali'ach was given extra merchandise, the sender keeps all of it. (Shulchan Aruch CM 183:5-6)
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Index to Revach for Maseches Kesuvos
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