REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
Rav Nachman says that if a buyer receives two purchase documents for the same property, the second one overrides the first. (1)
If the second document gives him something extra that is not included in the first document, the buyer has the choice to use either one of the documents. (2)
If the first document states that the property is a sale and the second document states that it is a gift, both documents are valid. (3)
If the first document states that the property is a gift and the second document states that it is a purchase, both documents are valid. (4)
Rebbi Eliezer ben Shimon: The wife may collect the principal Kesuvah from the time of Eirusin. Chachamim: She may not collect if from the time of Eirusin. (5)
A Na'arah who is a Giyores who is Mezanah while she is an Arusah is punished with Chenek, not Sekilah. (6)
A Na'arah who is a Giyores whose mother converted prior to her birth is punished with Sekilah even if she is Mezanah while she is an Arusah.
A Na'arah who is a Giyores whose mother converted prior to her birth is not punished with Sekilah at the entrance to her father's house. (7)
Even a Na'arah ha'Me'orasah who does not have a father, or her father does not have a house, is punished with Sekilah if she is Mezanah.
A man who is Motzi Shem Ra on a Giyores whose mother was Megayer prior to her birth is not punished with Malkus, nor does he pay 100 Kesef.
Rebbi Yosi bar Chanina: One who is Motzi Shem Ra on an orphan is exempt. Rava: He is Chayav.
Reish Lakish: One who is Motzi Shem Ra on a Ketanah is exempt.
Whenever the Torah states Na'arah without the letter "Heh," it includes a Ketanah.
A BIT MORE
1. If the property is taken from him, he may collect compensation only from the date of the second document.
2. If he uses the second document, he receives the extra amount. However, he may collect compensation only from the date of the second document. If he uses the first document, he loses the extra amount that is written in the second document, but he collects compensation from the date of the first document.
3. The second document was stated as a gift in order to give him the right to keep the property if a neighbor wants to buy the property. If he was purchasing the property, a neighbor that also wants to purchase the property would have the right to purchase it instead of him. However, if he was receiving the property as a gift, the neighbor does not have the right to take away the property from him.
4. The second document is stated as a purchase in order to give him the right to demand compensation in the event that the property is taken from him by a creditor.
5. Rebbi Eliezer ben Shimon: The wife may collect the principal Kesuvah from the buyers of the husband's property from the time of Eirusin. The Tosefes Kesuvah (the additional amount that the Chasan voluntary wrote in the Kesuvah), however, may be collected only from property sold from the time of the Nisu'in. Chachamim: The law of the principal Kesuvah and the Tosefes Kesuvah is the same, and the wife may collect the Kesuvah only from the buyers from the time of Nisu'in.
6. The law that a Na'arah ha'Me'orasah who is Mezanah is punished with Sekilah does not apply to a Giyores, even if she converted before the age of three and thus definitely is a Besulah.
7. If her mother was Megayer prior to her conception, she is regarded as an ordinary Jew, and she would be given her punishment at the entrance to her father's house.
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BRIEF INSIGHT
TWO LOAN DOCUMENTS
Rav Nachman says that if a buyer receives two purchase documents for the same property, the second one overrides the first. The Rosh says that this applies only when both documents are a gift, or both are a purchase. If the two document are a loan, both are valid and the borrower must back the sum written in both the first and second documents. The reason is that it is entirely possible that there were two separate loans. (In contrast, when both documents are a purchase or a gift, it is not possible that he sold or gave away the same property twice.)
QUICK HALACHAH
TWO DOCUMENTS ON THE SAME PROPERTY
A buyer has two documents on the same property, and the dates are not the same. If the first document is a gift and the second is a sale, both documents are valid, because the purpose of the second document is in order to accept responsibility in the event that the property is taken from him. If the first document is a purchase and the second document is a gift, both documents are valid, because the purpose of the second document is in order to give the buyer precedence to a neighbor who may want to invoke the Din of Bar Mitzra. (Shulchan Aruch CM 240:1)
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Index to Revach for Maseches Kesuvos
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