REVACH L'DAF
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| MENACHOS 40 (14 Nisan) - dedicated by Mr. D. Kornfeld l'Iluy Nishmas his grandmother, Chayah bas Aryeh Leib Shpira (nee Sole), on the day of her Yahrzeit. |
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SUMMARY
1. A linen garment is exempt from Tzitzis according to Beis Shamai. Beis Hillel disagrees.
2. Although the Halachah follows Beis Hillel who rules that a linen garment is obligated to have Tzitzis, the Rabanan prohibited placing wool Tzitzis on a linen garment.
3. Reish Lakish says that a Mitzvas Aseh overrides a Mitzvas Lo Sa'aseh only when it is impossible to fulfill both Mitzvos.
4. If strings of Tzitzis were not placed on the garment for the purpose of the Mitzvah, it is Pasul.
5. Rava says that the Rabanan prohibited putting Tzitzis on a linen garment because of the concern that linen stitching used to sew a tear will be used for the Tzitzis. Rebbi Zeira says that they prohibited it because of a concern that the garment will be worn at night.
6. Rava says that if a garment is made from a cloth material and the corners are made from leather, it is obligated to have Tzitzis. If, however, the garment is made from leather and the corners from a cloth material, it is exempt from Tzitzis. Rav Achai disagrees.
7. If Tzitzis are placed on a garment which has only three corners and later a fourth corner is made, it is Pasul even if Tzitzis are placed on the fourth corner.
8. If Tzitzis are placed on a garment which already has Tzitzis, the second set of Tzitzis are valid if the original set of Tzitzis are cut off.
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A BIT MORE
1. According to Beis Shamai, the Torah does not permit Sha'atnez even for the Mitzvah of Tzitzis. Since Techeles must be made from wool, it is impossible to have Tzitzis without transgressing the prohibition of Sha'atnez.
2. Although a linen garment is obligated mid'Oraisa to have Tzitzis, the Rabanan have the power to decree that a person not fulfill a Mitzvas Aseh in a passive manner.
3. The Mitzvos Aseh of Tzitzis overrides the Mitzvas Lo Sa'aseh of Sha'atnez (placing wool strings on a linen garment) because Techeles may be made only from wool. If one has no Techeles, he may not use Tzitzis strings of wool, but only of linen.
4. Even if one intended afterwards that the strings should be for the Mitzvah of Tzitzis, it is Pasul. One must have intention for the Mitzvah at the time that he puts the strings on the garment.
5. The obligation of Tzitzis applies only during the day and not at night. Therefore, if the garment is worn at night it is a transgression of the prohibition of Sha'atnez.
6. According to Rav Achai, if the corners are made from a cloth material, the garment is obligated to have Tzitzis even though the garment is made from leather. If, however, the corners are made from leather and the garment from a cloth material, it is exempt from Tzitzis.
7. Since a garment is not obligated to have Tzitzis unless it has four corners, the Tzitzis which were placed on the first three corners are Pasul because they were placed on the garment when it was exempt from Tzitzis.
8. At the time the second Tzitzis were placed on the garment, it already had Tzitzis, and thus they were not placed on the garment for the purpose of the Mitzvah of Tzitzis. Nevertheless, since placing them on the garment for the purpose of the Mitzvah would constitute a transgression of Bal Tosif, it is not considered an "Asiyah," and thus when the first Tzitzis are cut off it is considered as though the second Tzitzis are being placed on the garment at that time.
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