REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
An Am ha'Aretz in Yehudah who consecrates wine or oil to be used for the Mizbe'ach is believed to say that it is Tahor.
A person may not bring wine and oil for the Mizbe'ach from Galil, because a strip of land separates Yehudah and Galil which is regarded as a strip of Chutz la'Aretz, and it will cause the wine and oil to become Tamei.
Rebbi: A person who enters Chutz la'Aretz in a closed container is Tamei. Rebbi Yosi bar Yehudah: He is Tahor.
Kodshim, and the water of the Parah Adumah, are not protected from Tum'ah by a Tzamid Pasil (a sealed, earthenware utensil). (1)
An Am ha'Aretz is trusted regarding the Taharah of Terumah that he gives to the Kohen during the primary time of the wine and oil pressing. (2)
If the time of the wine and oil pressing has already passed, and the Am ha'Aretz brings the Kohen a jar of wine that is Terumah, the Kohen may not accept it. The Am ha'Aretz should wait for the wine press of the following year to give it to the Kohen. (3)
If two bothers share an inheritance and one is a Chaver and the other is an Am ha'Aretz, under certain circumstances the Chaver may allow the Am ha'Aretz to take for his share the food items that are already susceptible to Tum'ah. (4)
One is permitted to cross through a Beis ha'Pras (a field that contains a grave that was plowed over) on the way to eating the Korban Pesach, provided that he checks for bones. One may not cross through such a field on the way to eating Terumah. (5)
Ula: If a person checked for bones and crossed through a Beis ha'Pras on his way to eating the Korban Pesach, he may eat Terumah as well. Raba bar Ula: He may not eat Terumah.
The Mishnah says that if the Am ha'Aretz separates a Revi'is of Kodesh from the jug of wine that contains the Terumah, he is believed with regard to the Taharah of the Terumah. (6)
Although an Am ha'Aretz is trusted with regard to the Taharah of the wine during the time of the wine press, he is not trusted with regard to the Taharah of the barrels themselves unless the barrels also contain Kodesh.
A sharecropper should start working on the wine barrels seven days prior to the time of the wine press.
An Am ha'Aretz who sells earthenware between Modi'in and Yerushalayim is trusted with regard to the Taharah of the utensils.
A BIT MORE
1. Water for the Parah Adumah that was not yet mixed with the ashes is protected from Tum'ah by a Tzamid Pasil.
2. If it is no longer the primary times for the oil and wine press, then he must set aside the box of olives that he is giving to the Kohen and make sure that it had not yet become susceptible to Tum'ah.
3. If the Kohen does accept the wine when it is no longer the time for the wine press, it is an unresolved question whether the Kohen may leave it until the wine press of the following year.
4. If both brothers are taking their portions from the same type of item, the brother who is a Chaver is permitted to allow the Am ha'Aretz to take for his share the food items that are already susceptible to Tum'ah. However, if each one is taking a separate type of item, the Chaver may not allow the Am ha'Aretz to take for his share the food items that are already susceptible to Tum'ah.
5. Failure to bring the Korban Pesach is liable for Kares. Therefore, one is permitted to cross through the Beis ha'Pras in order to eat the Korban Pesach, even though there is a possibility of becoming Tamei.
6. This is support for the opinion that once the Beis ha'Pras is checked on the way to eating the Korban Pesach, one may eat Terumah as well.
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BRIEF INSIGHT
The Gemara says that a person may not bring wine and oil for the Mizbe'ach from Galil, because a strip of land separates Yehudah and Galil which is regarded as a strip of Chutz la'Aretz, and it will cause the wine and oil to become Tamei. Tosfos asks that if this is the case, then how do the residents of Galil go up to Yerushalayim for the Regel? They will be regarded as Tamei as a result of the strip of land of Chutz la'Aretz that they must cross on their way to Yerushalayim, and they will require the sprinkling of the ashes of the Parah Adumah on the third and seventh days in order to enter the Beis ha'Mikdash. The Turei Even answers that the people of Galil arrived seven days prior to the Regel in order to give them time to purify themselves prior to the Regel. The Hagahos ha'Rav Rensburg answers that they crossed the strip of land of Chutz la'Aretz on top of doors on the backs of oxen. The doors acted as an Ohel and protected them from Tum'ah.
QUICK HALACHAH
A person who enters a Beis ha'Pras should blow the ground as he walks. If he finds no bones and has not become Tamei, he may slaughter and eat the Korban Pesach even though he went through the Beis ha'Pras. The reason is that the Tum'ah of the Beis ha'Pras is mid'Rabanan, and the Rabanan do not uphold the decree when a Chiyuv Kares is at stake. Also, a Beis ha'Pras that is trampled is Tahor for those who are bringing the Korban Pesach.
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