REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. The Melikah of a bird is done by cutting the spinal cord and the neck bone, without cutting through the majority of the flesh.
2. According to the Rabanan, the Kohen must sever both Simanim completely when he performs the Melikah of an Olas ha'Of. Rebbi Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon maintains that the majority of the two Simanim must be cut.
3. If a person's neck bone is broken together with most of its flesh, he is considered dead and conveys Tum'as Ohel.
4. If a person is torn apart from the back like a fish, he conveys Tum'as Ohel.
5. If an animal is cut into two, or if its thigh was completely removed and the cavity can be seen, it conveys Tum'as Neveilah.
6. If the head of a Sheretz was severed, it conveys Tum'ah even if it is still moving.
7. A Chatas and an Olas ha'Of may be brought only from Chulin.
8. Rebbi Yishmael maintains that the Melikah of both a Chatas ha'Of and an Olas ha'Of is done from the back of the neck, but the Melikah of a Chatas ha'Of is done by cutting only one Siman, while the Melikah of an Olas ha'Of is done by cutting both Simanim.
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A BIT MORE
1. If the majority of the flesh of the neck would be cut prior to the severing of the Simanim, the bird would be considered dead prior to the completion of the Melikah, and the Melikah would be invalid.
2. According to Rebbi Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon, the Simanim must not be severed completely, because the Kohen must grip the body together with the head of the bird when he sprinkles the blood on the Mizbe'ach.
3. However, if a person is very old, even if his neck bone breaks without the flesh, the injury is considered fatal.
4. Even if he is still convulsing, he is considered dead and conveys Tum'as Ohel.
5. If it is apparent that the limb is missing even when the animal crouches, it conveys Tum'as Neveilah even while it is alive. If it is not apparent that the limb is missing when the animal crouches, it is a Tereifah and not a Neveilah.
6. According to Reish Lakish, it conveys Tum'ah only if the head was completely severed. According to Rebbi Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon, it conveys Tum'ah if the majority of two Simanim was severed.
7. Money of Ma'aser Sheni may not be used to buy a Chatas ha'Of or an Olas ha'Of.
8. Even Rebbi Yishmael, who derives the laws of an Olas ha'Of from a Chatas ha'Of, agrees that with regard to the cutting of the Simanim, a Chatas ha'Of is not the same as an Olas ha'Of.
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