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SUMMARY
1. The Gemara discusses the greatness of Eretz Yisrael.
2. The Mishnah discusses when we start asking for rain in the Shemoneh Esreh.
3. Chananyah says that the Mishnah refers only to asking for rain in Eretz Yisrael.
4. The Mishnah discusses what to do when rain does not fall in its proper time.
5. The Gemara explains how one should discuss Torah when traveling.
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A BIT MORE
1. Eretz Yisrael was created first, and Hashem waters it Himself.
2. Tana Kama: We start asking for rain on the third of Cheshvan. Raban Gamliel: We start asking for rain on the seventh of Cheshvan, so that the last people returning to their homes from spending Sukos in Yerushalayim should be able to reach the Euphrates River before the rains.
3. Chananyah says that the time we start asking for rain outside of Eretz Yisrael is the sixtieth day of Tekufas Tishrei.
4. If rain does not fall by the seventeenth of Cheshvan, pious individuals start to fast on Monday-Thursday-Monday during the day without any other restrictions (such as washing, etc.). If rain does not arrive by the first of Kislev, Beis Din institutes three fasts for the public on Monday-Thursday-Monday without any other restrictions.
5. When people travel, they should discuss light words of Torah, such as reviewing or studying basic texts in a light manner. They should not engage in in-depth learning as this might cause them to wander away from their travel route.
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