REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. According to Rebbi Yishmael, a Nochri's Avodah Zarah and the utensils which are used for it are forbidden only when it is worshipped.
2. According to Rebbi Akiva, the Avodah Zarah of a Nochri becomes forbidden immediately. The Avodah Zarah of a Yisrael does not become forbidden until it is worshipped.
3. If a Nochri nullifies an Avodah Zarah, it is permitted.
4. Appointing an unworthy judge is akin to planting an Asheirah.
5. A metal utensil which became Tamei and subsequently broke is Tahor. If it was later welded into a utensil, the original Tum'ah returns.
6. It is a Safek whether the Tum'ah returns to a utensil which was Tamei d'Rabanan that broke and subsequently was welded together.
7. If a Nochri nullifies a utensil which was brought as a sacrifice to an Avodah Zarah, the Tum'ah is nullified.
8. It is a Safek whether the Tum'ah of food which was brought as a sacrifice to an Avodah Zarah can be nullified.
9. If food of a Nochri was worshipped as an Avodah Zarah, the Tum'ah can be nullified.
10. Kohanim who participated in the worship in Beis Chonyo may not perform Avodah in the Beis ha'Mikdash.
11. Utensils which were used for worship in Beis Chonyo may not be used in the Beis ha'Mikdash.
12. When the Nochri conquerors entered the Heichal, the utensils became Chulin.
13. A Nochri may annul his own Avodah Zarah and the Avodah Zarah of his friend. A Yisrael may not annul the Avodah Zarah of a Nochri.
14. In his youth, Rebbi stated that a Nochri may annul an Avodah Zarah that he owns in partnership with a Yisrael. He later reversed his ruling.
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A BIT MORE
1 The Avodah Zarah of a Yisrael becomes forbidden immediately.
2. Rebbi Akiva agrees with Rebbi Yishmael that utensils which are used for an Avodah Zarah of a Nochri become forbidden only when it is worshipped.
3. The Avodah Zarah of a Yisrael can never be nullified. It must be disposed of by burial.
4. Appointing an unworthy judge in a place where there are Talmidei Chachamim is akin to planting an Asheirah next to the Mizbe'ach.
5. The Tum'ah returns because of a Gezeirah d'Rabanan. The Rabanan were concerned that if it was possible to purify a utensil by breaking it and then fixing it, a person may erroneously believe that a utensil which is Tamei Meis can become Tahor in one day by being immersed in a Mikvah.
6. If one says that the Tum'ah does not return, there is another Safek -- whether the Tum'ah returns if a utensil became Tamei d'Rabanan as a result of being used for an Avodah Zarah. Even if other Tum'os d'Rabanan do not return, perhaps the Tum'ah of Avodah Zarah is more severe and thus it returns.
7. Although the prohibition against sacrificing to an Avodah Zarah cannot be nullified, nevertheless the Tum'ah can be nullified.
8. Perhaps only the Tum'ah of a utensil which was brought as a sacrifice can be nullified. A utensil can be purified by immersion in a Mikvah. However, the Tum'ah of food cannot be purified in a Mikvah. Therefore, perhaps the Tum'ah of Avodah Zarah also cannot be nullified.
9. Since the prohibition of the Avodah Zarah can be nullified, the Tum'ah of the Avodah Zarah can be nullified as well.
10 Chonyo was the son of Shimon ha'Tzadik. He ran away to Mitzrayim and built a Mizbe'ach there. There is a disagreement about whether his Mizbe'ach was built for Avodah Zarah. Even according to the opinion that it was not an Avodah Zarah, a Kohen who participated in the worship in Beis Chonyo may not perform Avodah in the Beis ha'Mikdash. The Rabanan penalized such a Kohen because he transgressed the prohibition against bringing Korbanos outside the Beis ha'Mikdash.
11. Utensils are inanimate objects and therefore there it is no reason to penalize them. However, the Rabanan did not differentiate between Kohanim who participated in the worship in Beis Chonyo and the utensils which were used for the worship.
12. The Nochrim subsequently acquired the utensils from Hefker. When they used them for Avodah Zarah, they became forbidden Min ha'Torah.
13. A Yisrael also may not annul his own Avodah Zarah. An Avodah Zarah of a Yisrael can never be nullified.
14. In his youth, Rebbi reasoned that a Yisrael worships the Avodah Zarah that he owns in partnership with a Nochri only as long as the Nochri worships it. When the Nochri no longer worships it, the Yisrael also abandons the Avodah Zarah. However, later in his life Rebbi changed his mind. He reasoned that a Yisrael worships the Avodah Zarah on his own accord, and even when the Nochri no longer worships the Avodah Zarah, the Yisrael continues to worship it.
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