REVACH L'DAF
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| MENACHOS 46 (20 Nisan) - Dedicated by Mr. Martin Fogel of Carlsbad, California, in memory of his father, Yaakov ben Shlomo Fogel, on the day of his Yahrzeit. |
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SUMMARY
1. If, after the Shechitah of the two Kivsei Atzeres, the two breads were lost, the Kevasim may not be offered. If the Kevasim were lost, the two breads may not be offered.
2. If, after the Tenufah of the Kivsei Atzeres with the two breads, the breads or the Kevasim were lost, there is a doubt about whether the breads or the Kevasim which remain may be offered.
3. If the Halachah, in the case of the breads or Kivsei Atzeres which were lost after Tenufah, is that the breads or Kevasim which remain may be offered, if new breads are offered there is a doubt about whether the Tenufah must be repeated.
4. If one of the breads of the Todah crumbled before the Shechitah of the Todah was performed, a replacement must be brought. If the bread crumbled after the Shechitah, the blood may be sprinkled but the owner does not fulfill his Neder.
5. If one of the breads of the Todah was taken outside of Yerushalayim before the Shechitah of the Todah, it must be brought back in before the Shechitah. If it was taken out after the Shechitah, the blood may be sprinkled but the owner does not fulfill his Neder.
6. If one of the breads of the Todah became Tamei before the Shechitah of the Todah, a replacement must be brought. If the bread became Tamei after the Shechitah, the blood may be sprinkled and the owner fulfills his Neder.
7. If one of the breads of the Todah crumbled, became Tamei, or was taken outside of Yerushalayim after the Zerikah, the Todah is valid. The Kohen must receive his Terumah from a whole loaf, or from a Tahor loaf, or from a loaf that was not taken outside of Yerushalayim.
8. The Shechitah of the Ayil Nazir sanctifies the bread of the Nazir. If the Shechitah is done she'Lo Lishmah, the bread does not become sanctified.
9. If the two breads of Shavuos are offered without the two Kivsei Atzeres, they must be left out overnight and then taken out to be burned.
10. Ben Buchri testified that if a Kohen contributes a Machtzis ha'Shekel, it is not a sin. Rebbi Yochanan ben Zakai says that a Kohen who does not contribute a Machtzis ha'Shekel has sinned.
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A BIT MORE
1. Although, according to Rebbi Akiva, the breads may be offered without the Kivsei Atzeres, and, according to Rebbi Shimon ben Nanas, the Kivsei Atzeres may be offered without the bread, this applies only when one was available and not the other. If they had both the breads and the Kivsei Atzeres at the time of the Shechitah, one may not be offered without the other. If one was lost, the other may not be offered.
2. The Kohen performs the Tenufah of the Kivsei Atzeres with the two breads before the Shechitah of the Kevasim. If, after the Tenufah and prior to the Shechitah, the breads or Kevasim were lost, there is a doubt about whether the breads or the Kevasim which remain may be offered.
3. If the Kivsei Atzeres were lost after the Tenufah and new Kevasim are brought, the Tenufah certainly must be repeated, because the Kevasim are the Matir. According to Rebbi Shimon ben Nanas, who maintains that the Kevasim are primary, if the breads were lost and new breads are brought, the Tenufah certainly does not need to be repeated. The Safek is only according to Rebbi Akiva, who maintains that the breads are primary. Perhaps the Tenufah needs to be repeated, or perhaps since the Kevasim are the Matir and the Tenufah was already done with the Kevasim, the Tenufah does not need to be repeated.
4. Since one of the breads crumbled after the Shechitah and before the Zerikah, although the Korban is valid it is not considered a Todah. The blood should be sprinkled l'Shem Shelamim and the flesh eaten. The breads, however, are Pasul and the owner must bring another Korban Todah to fulfill his Neder.
5. A bread of the Todah that was taken outside of Yerushalayim is Pasul. Therefore, if it was taken outside of Yerushalayim prior to the Zerikah, the blood should be sprinkled l'Shem Shelamim and the flesh eaten, but the breads are Pasul and the owner must bring another Korban Todah to fulfill his Neder.
6. Although a bread of the Todah which became Tamei is Pasul, the blood of the Todah may be sprinkled l'Shem Todah and the owner fulfills his Neder, even if the bread became Tamei prior to the Zerikah. This is because the Tzitz atones for Tum'ah. However, the breads may not be eaten.
7. The Kohen receives a Terumah of one loaf from ten, from each type of bread of the Todah. His Terumah must be given from one of the Kosher breads.
8. The Ayil Nazir is a Shelamim. If it is slaughtered l'Shem any Korban other than a Shelamim, the bread does not become sanctified.
9. This is in accordance with the view of Rebbi Akiva, who says that the two breads may be offered even without the two Kivsei Atzeres. According to Rabah, mid'Rabanan the breads may not be eaten because of the concern that the following year, even if they will have the two Kivsei Atzeres, the Kohanim will eat the two breads without the Shechitah of the two Kivsei Atzeres and they will not realize that this year it is permitted only with the Shechitah of the two Kivsei Atzeres, and only last year when there was no Kivsei Atzeres the bread was its own Matir and it was permitted. Rav Yosef says that mid'Oraisa the two breads may not be eaten without the two Kivsei Atzeres, even though they may be offered and the Tenufah may be done.
10. According to Ben Buchri, since the Kohanim were not included in the census in the Midbar, they do not have to contribute a Machtzis ha'Shekel. If they do contribute it, it is not a sin as long as they give it full heartedly to the Tzibur. According to Rebbi Yochanan ben Zakai, the Kohanim are obligated to contribute a Machtzis ha'Shekel. However, the Kohanim erroneously believed that they are exempt because the Minchah of a Kohen must be completely consumed on the Mizbe'ach, and if the Omer, the Shtei ha'Lechem, and the Lechem ha'Panim are brought from the money of the Kohen, they may not be eaten. Rebbi Yochanan ben Zakai maintains that since the Omer, the Shtei ha'Lechem, and the Lechem ha'Panim are brought only partially from the money of the Kohanim, they may be eaten, and thus the Kohanim are required to contribute a Machtzis ha'Shekel.
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