REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. When one is Makdish a Sedeh Achuzah during a time when Yovel does not apply, the caretaker of Hekdesh asks the Makdish (before anyone else) how much he is willing to pay to redeem the field.
2. The Gemara gives two more reasons for why the caretaker asks the Makdish before anyone else how much he is willing to pay to redeem the field.
3. There is a discussion about whether a fifth of an item used to redeem a field by the Makdish must be worth a Perutah.
4. When bidding to redeem a field from Hekdesh, a person is obligated by his bid and may not retract it if this will cause a loss to Hekdesh.
5. If all of the bidders retract their bids at once, they all share in any loss that Hekdesh incurs as a result of not having received their bids.
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A BIT MORE
1. The Mishnah explains that this is because Hekdesh receives more money when the Makdish redeems the field. He must pay a fifth more than the price that a Yisrael would pay in order to redeem the field.
2. Since it was his field, he likes it more than others, and he therefore would take more action, and perhaps pay more, to redeem it. Moreover, it is a Mitzvah for the Makdish to redeem his field.
3. While everyone agrees that items may be used to redeem a field and that cash is not necessary, there is a dispute about whether an item may be used when one fifth of it is not worth a Perutah. The Tana Kama says that it may not be used; Rebbi Yosi says that it may be used.
4. Accordingly, the Mishnah explains, if a person retracts a bid for 50 Shekalim to redeem a field from Hekdesh and the next highest bid is 40 Shekalim, he is solely responsible to give Hekdesh the additional 10 Shekalim. This is due to the concept that when a person makes a pledge to Hekdesh, it is as if he has given it over with a valid Kinyan to a Yisrael (i.e. he is obligated as if he has completed a transaction).
5. For example, in a case where there were bids of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50, and the field was sold for 5 Shekalim, the bidder of 50 must pay all 10 Shekalim until 40, plus half of the ten until 30, one third of the 10 until 20, one quarter of the 10 until 20, and one fifth of the 5 until the price of 5 which was eventually paid. This formula (which is according to Rashi's understanding of the Gemara) is applied to all of the bidders.
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