REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
1. A Jew is permitted to rent a field to a Nochri.
2. Rebbi Shimon ben Elazar maintains that one may not rent a field to a Kusi, because the Kusi will do Melachah in the field on Chol ha'Mo'ed.
3. If a Yisrael and a Nochri receive a field together as sharecroppers, the Yisrael may not instruct the Nochri, "Work for your portion on Shabbos, and I will work for my portion during the week."
4. If, at the time they receive the field, the Yisrael and the Nochri arrange that the Nochri will work on Shabbos while the Yisrael will work a corresponding day during the week, it is permitted.
5. If they did not arrange anything at the time they received the field, and the Nochri worked on Shabbos on his own initiative, the Yisrael may not say, "You take the wages for the work you did on Shabbos while I will take wages for the work I did on the corresponding weekday."
6. A Yisrael and a Nochri receive a field together as sharecroppers and they plant trees. If the Nochri works for the three years of Orlah, the Yisrael may take his share for the work that he does for the next three years.
7. One may not place his animal in the inn of a Nochri, because Nochrim are suspect of Revi'ah.
8. Accepting a Korban from a Nochri is permitted. There is no concern that it was designated for an Avodah Zarah, worshipped as an Avodah Zarah, or that the Nochri was Rove'a the animal.
9. One is permitted to buy an animal for a Korban from a Nochri shepherd.
10. One is forbidden to give an animal to a Nochri shepherd because of the concern for Revi'ah.
11. One may not place animals in seclusion with a Nochri, including a female animal with a female.
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A BIT MORE
1. Even though the Nochri will do Melachah in the field on Shabbos, there is no concern that people will think that he is doing the work as an emissary of the owner. People will assume that he is a sharecropper. Rebbi Shimon ben Elazar permits it because the owner could instruct the Nochri not to do Melachah in the field on Shabbos.
2. It is forbidden to rent the field because of the prohibition of Lifnei Iver. Additionally, since it is known that a Yisrael owns the field, people may assume that the Kusi is an emissary of the owner to do Melachah in the field on Chol ha'Mo'ed.
3. Since the work falls on both of them equally, when the Yisrael instructs the Nochri to work on Shabbos he is making him his emissary to work on Shabbos.
4. Since they received the field on that condition, it was never the responsibility of the Yisrael to work on Shabbos. Therefore, the Nochri is not the Yisrael's emissary when he works on Shabbos.
5. Since he is saying that the Nochri is taking wages for the work he did in Shabbos, while he is taking wages for a corresponding weekday, he reveals his intention that the Nochri was his emissary for the work he did on Shabbos.
6. It is permitted to work on a tree during the years of Orlah. Therefore, even though the Nochri was an emissary of the Yisrael to work during the years of Orlah, it is permissible for the Yisrael to take his share for the next three years.
7. Revi'ah is also prohibited to Nochrim. Therefore, allowing them to be secluded with an animal is a transgression of the prohibition of Lifnei Iver.
8. If the Nochri designated it for an Avodah Zarah, or worshipped it as an Avodah Zarah, he would offer it as a Korban. There is also no concern for Revi'ah, because Revi'ah makes an animal sterile or weak.
9. There is no concern for Revi'ah, because the shepherd is afraid that he will be caught and will have to forfeit his wages.
10. The shepherd is not concerned that he will be caught because he thinks that a Yisrael is not aware of the propensity of Nochrim to engage in Revi'ah.
11. There is a concern that she will be visited by a male friend. When he finds that she is not at home, he will be Rove'a the animal. Alternatively, even if she is home, he will be Rove'a the animal. Animals which belong to Jews are dearer to the Nochrim than their own wives.
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