1)

Bearing in mind that the verse states immediately afterwards, "from all flesh," what is the Torah coming to include when it writes, "And from all living"?

1.

Rashi: It is coming to include Sheidim (demons) 1 , two of which entered the Ark with Noach. 2


1

Gur Aryeh: "All that lives" comes to include beings that have life but not flesh, namely, demons.

2

See Hadar Zekenim and Da'as Zekenim citing a Midrash.

2)

Seeing as fourteen of each Kosher species were brought onto the Ark (Bereishis 7:2), why does the Torah write, "two from each species"?

1.

Rashi: From the least of all the species, there were two. 1

2.

We might also answer that from every species there were indeed two, seeing as fourteen includes two.


1

Moshav Zekenim: This refers to the Temei'im. Yet Avodah Zarah 51a expounds from "mi'Kol ha'Chai" that the extremal limbs must be intact, i.e. for Korbanos, which are only from Tehorim! We must say that different parts of the verse refer to different things.

3)

Why does the Torah add the words, "l'Hachayos Itach"?

1.

Rashi (initial text): To teach us that Tereifos (animals with a fatal physical defect or injury) were not admitted to the Ark.

2.

Ramban: To inform Noach that he was hereupon obligated to ensure that all the animals entered the Ark, and to see to all their needs while they were in it.

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